Antibacterial activity of free or encapsulated selected phenylpropanoids against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis

Abstract

Aims Antibacterial activities of phenylpropenes (PPs) (eugenol, isoeugenol, estragole and trans‐anethole) and hydroxycinnamic acids (HCAs) (p‐coumaric, caffeic and ferulic acids) were assessed against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Effect of cyclodextrin and liposome encapsulation on the PPs activity was also evaluated. Methods and Results All PPs inhibited the bacterial growth in the hundred micromolar range, while HCAs did not, as determined by broth macrodilution. Anethole and estragole showed a higher efficiency than eugenol and isoeugenol, and E. coli was more susceptible than S. epidermidis. Hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin/PP complexes and anethole‐loaded Lipoid S100‐liposomes were prepared by freeze‐drying and ethanol injection respectively. Both formulations were substantially less active than free PPs. For instance, E. coli growth inhibition was about 14% for all HP‐β‐CD/PP complexes evaluated at MIC50 values of free PPs (P < 0·05), and about 12% for liposomal anethole evaluated at minimal bactericidal concentration value of free anethole (P < 0·05). Conclusions Hydrophobicity appears to be crucial for PPs antibacterial activity. Encapsulation in cyclodextrin and liposome seems to retain the PPs preventing their interaction with bacteria. Significance and Impact of the Study This study highlights the structural features of simple phenylpropanoids related to their antibacterial activity. The limitations of conventional encapsulation systems on the activity of PPs should be considered in future applications.

Comparison of Different Herbal Additives on Immune Response and Growth Performance of Broiler Chickens

“…The antimicrobial activity of savory is originated from carvacrol, thymol, and other monoterpenoid hydrocarbons (Miladi et al, 2013). A number of studies indicated the synergistic antibacterial effects of essential oils containing anethole, estragole, limonene, and carvacrol in combination together (Bassole & Juliani, 2012;Auezova et al, 2020). So, we can conclude that Bioessence ® is established upon compounds having an antimicrobial activity that can act as an alternative for antibiotics.…”

Moxifloxacin Liposomes: Effect of Liposome Preparation Method on Physicochemical Properties and Antimicrobial Activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis

“…Nevertheless, in other cases, liposomal encapsulation resulted in decreased antimicrobial properties, as in the case of liposomes loaded with phenylpropenes (PPs) (eugenol, isoeugenol, estragole, and trans-anethole) that were assessed against E. coli and S. epidermidis. The decreased activity was then explained by prolonged retention of PPs in the liposomes that prevented their interaction with bacteria [49].…”

Volatile Composition and Biological Activity of Jordanian Commercial Samples of R. coriaria L. Fruits

“…The strong antimicrobial activity of these essential oils might be due to synergistic effects of chemical constituent (both lipophilic and hydrophilic) present in the EOs, like β-caryophyllene [ 36 , 37 ], carvacrol [ 49 ], carvone [ 50 ], cembrene [ 51 ], eugenol [ 52 , 53 ], γ-terpinene, 1,8-cineole, α-terpinene [ 54 ], α-terpineol [ 55 ], α-Himachalene, α-Humulene [ 37 ], and (E)-Anethol [ 53 ].…”

“…The essential oils were more effective against the Gram-positive strain than the Gram negative; it might be due to the presence of more lipophilic constituents in the essential oils. The strong antimicrobial activity of these essential oils might be due to synergistic effects of chemical constituent (both lipophilic and hydrophilic) present in the EOs, like β-caryophyllene [36,37], carvacrol [49], carvone [50], cembrene [51], eugenol [52,53], γterpinene, 1,8-cineole, α-terpinene [54], α-terpineol [55], α-Himachalene, α-Humulene [37], and (E)-Anethol [53].…”