Stomach ulceration and emotionality in selected strains of rats

Mikhail, A.A.; Broadhurst, P. L.

doi:10.1016/0022-3999(65)90089-9

Cited by 20 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Sines (1961Sines ( , 1962 has shown that animals selectively bred for high "ulcer" susceptibility are more "emotional" (show more defecation) and are more active in an open-field than a random population of Sprague-Dawley controls. In contrast, Mikhail and Broadhurst ( 1965 ) , using rats selectively bred for high and low emotional reactivity, failed to confirm the hypothesis (based on Sines' data) that the more reactive animals would be more susceptible to gastric lesions.Since the above studies used selectively bred animals, it seemed reasonable to investigate this same relationship in unselected populations. T o this end data collected from previously published and unpublished studies conducted in this laboratory were re-analyzed.…”

contrasting

confidence: 53%

“…Furcher analysis of che quantitacive measiues of behavior yielded by the open-field which might have uncovered a curvilinear association between these behaviors and susceptibility to erosion also failed to indicate any relationship. These results, together with the findings of Mikhail and Broadhurst ( 1965), suggest chat the differences observed by Sines are a concomitant of the selective breeding and that the behavioral measures p~irported to reflect "emotionality" are not generally related to the subsequent development of gastric erosions. Mikhail and Broadhurst suggest that the "stress of immobilization" elicits emotional responses other than those which characterize their Maudsley strains selectively bred for high and low defecation scores, maintaining the implicit assumption of a relationship between emotional reactivicy and responsiveness to "stress" in general.…”

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confidence: 47%

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Emotional Reactivity and Susceptibility to Gastric Erosions

Ader

1967

Psychol Rep

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Contradictory results in the literature led to a re-analysis of previously collected data which failed to provide evidence for a relationship between behaviors in an open-field or a reaction-to-handling test and immobilization-produced gastric erosions.The relative ease with which gastric erosions may be produced experimentally in the rat has led to several investigations of the psychobiological factors which may influence susceptibility and to correlational studies of the behavioral characteristics of susceptible and nonsusceptible animals. Gastric erosions in the glandular portion of the rat's stomach are most reliably produced by a period of physical immobilization plus food and water deprivation. Sines (1961Sines ( , 1962 has shown that animals selectively bred for high "ulcer" susceptibility are more "emotional" (show more defecation) and are more active in an open-field than a random population of Sprague-Dawley controls. In contrast, Mikhail and Broadhurst ( 1965 ) , using rats selectively bred for high and low emotional reactivity, failed to confirm the hypothesis (based on Sines' data) that the more reactive animals would be more susceptible to gastric lesions.Since the above studies used selectively bred animals, it seemed reasonable to investigate this same relationship in unselected populations. T o this end data collected from previously published and unpublished studies conducted in this laboratory were re-analyzed. The animals were either Charles River ( C D ) rats or rats from a genetically heterogeneous background. The early life experiences of these animals differed from experiment to experiment and in some experiments the animals were caged individually and in others they were group-housed.In all these studies the rats (approximately 90 days of age) were deprived of food and water for 18 hr. prior to a 6-hr. period of immobilization in flexible wire mesh. The details of the immobilization procedure and a description of the resulting lesions are outlined in previous publications (Ader, 1963; Ader, Beels, 8: Tatum, 1960). At least 2 wk. prior to immobilization all these animals were observed in an open-field and/or a reaction-to-handling test (Ader & Friedman, 1964).The results shown in Table 1 provide no evidence for a relationship between emotional reactivity and suspectibility to gastric erosions. In only one in-'The experiments on which these data are based were supported by USPHS Grants MH-03655 and K3-MH-6318 from the National Institute of Mental Health and were conducted in accordance with the APA statement of "Guiding principles for the humane care and use of animals," December 15, 1962.

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Emotional Reactivity and Susceptibility to Gastric Erosions

Ader

1967

Psychol Rep

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“…The specific link of emotionality to stress ulceration, however, is debatable. Earlier studies seemed to produce contradictory results, some indicating no significant relationships (Mikhail & Broadhurst, 1965), and others showing, however, a correlation between open-field measures and stress ulcers (Glavin, 1980; Glavin & Ykema, 1980; Mikhail, 1969; Sines, 1961; Soubrie et al, 1974). Because it has been shown that duration of restraint seems to be a crucial variable (and there may be others, as well), these differences may reflect procedural problems, however.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Electrophysiological activity in the central nucleus of the amygdala, emotionality and stress ulcers in rats.

Henke¹

1988

Behavioral Neuroscience

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Multiple-unit activity in the central nucleus of the amygdala was continuously recorded during 4 hr of restraint stress in rats. Five different activity profiles were found. Two types were associated with stress ulceration: one with increased stomach pathology, and the other with decreased stomach pathology. The same unit profiles were also differentially related to the emotionality characteristics of Wistar-derived rats, as well as to those of the genetically selected lines of Roman high- and low-avoidance rats. The type of profile that had been associated with increased pathology was generally seen in the Roman low-avoidance rats and in the Wistar rats that had been judged to be more emotional, that is, defecated before five "rearings" had occurred in an open-field test. The other unit profile was significantly more frequent in the Roman high-avoidance animals and the less emotional Wistar rats. Low-level electrical stimulation of both types of units produced stomach erosions in all cases. It was concluded that the unit activity in the central nucleus of the amygdala reflects certain emotionality characteristics of rats and also their susceptibility of stress ulcers.

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“…This hypothesis was tested in a previous study (Mikhail & Broadhurst, 1965). However, the procedure which was employed did not differentiate between the MR and MNR strains in uleeration.…”

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Genetic predisposition to stomach ulceration in emotionally reactive strains of rats

Mikhail

1969

Psychon Sci

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Stomach ulceration and emotionality in selected strains of rats

Cited by 20 publications

References 12 publications

Emotional Reactivity and Susceptibility to Gastric Erosions

Emotional Reactivity and Susceptibility to Gastric Erosions

Electrophysiological activity in the central nucleus of the amygdala, emotionality and stress ulcers in rats.

Genetic predisposition to stomach ulceration in emotionally reactive strains of rats

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