Stimulation of Sodium and Water Absorption by Sucrose in the Rat Small Intestine

Patra, F. C.; Mahalanabis, Dilip; Jalan, K. N.

doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1982.tb09379.x

Cited by 28 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Chloride was measured with a Cotlov chloride meter and was checked with the same ion analyzer, but the results from the flame photometer for sodium and potassium and the chloride meter for chloride were used for calculation. PEG was measured by Hayden's method (17,18).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The perfusion technique we used was described previously (17) and is only briefly described here. Male adult albino rats weighing 180 to 200 g, raised in our laboratory environment, and maintained on a standard diet were used.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Net transport of water and electrolytes was calculated from changes in the PEG concentration using the following formulas (11,17,19).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Reducing Sodium or Glucose Concentration in a Hypo-osmolar ORS (Oral Rehydration Salts) on Absorption Efficiency: Marker Perfusion Study in Rat Jejunum

Chakrabarti

Haque

Chakrabarty³

et al. 2005

Dig Dis Sci

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We evaluated the relative absorption efficiency of reducing the sodium or glucose concentration to make an ORS hypo-osmolar in a perfusion model. In nine adult albino rats 30 cm of jejunum was perfused at 0.4 ml/min with three glucose salt solutions for 45 min each, one with 60 mM sodium, 111 mM glucose, and osmolarity 247, one with 90 mM sodium, 60 mM glucose, and osmolarity 250, and one with 90 mM sodium, (111 mM) glucose, and osmolarity 301 (control solution). Each contained 2 g/L polyethylene glycol 4000 as a marker. The net water and sodium absorption were 2.8 (P < 0.001) and 2.6 (P < 0.001) times higher from low-sodium and 1.7 (P < 0.001)- and 1.5 (P < 0.001)-fold higher from low-glucose solutions compared to the control. Net glucose absorption was 2.2 (P < 0.001)-fold higher from low-sodium solutions compared to the control. The net water, sodium, potassium, and glucose absorptions were 1.6 (P < 0.001)-, 1.7 (P < 0.001)-, 1.36 (P < 0.05)-, and 4.15 (P < 0.001)-fold higher from low-sodium compared to low-glucose solutions. The hypo-osmolar ORS with reduced sodium was substantially more absorption efficient compared to the one with reduced glucose.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Reducing Sodium or Glucose Concentration in a Hypo-osmolar ORS (Oral Rehydration Salts) on Absorption Efficiency: Marker Perfusion Study in Rat Jejunum

Chakrabarti

Haque

Chakrabarty³

et al. 2005

Dig Dis Sci

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“…Glucose is absorbed faster from maltose, maltotriose, oligomer mixtures, and glucose polymers than free glucose (Daum, Cohen, McNamara, & Finberg, 1978;Jones, Higgins, & Silk, 1987). Total CHO absorption from a sucrose-electrolyte solution is significantly greater than glucose absorption from a glucoseelectrolyte solution (Patra, Mahalanabis, & Jalan, 1982). This phenomenon can be more likely explained by the liberation of monosaccharides by brush-border enzymes' achieving greater local concentration at CHO-transport sites than those achieved by random diffusion of free glucose and fructose through the unstirred water layer.…”

Section: Solute Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water and Solute Absorption From Carbohydrate-Electrolyte Solutions in the Human Proximal Small Intestine: A Review and Statistical Analysis

Shi

Passe²

2010

International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism

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The purpose of this study is to summarize water, carbohydrate (CHO), and electrolyte absorption from carbohydrate-electrolyte (CHO-E) solutions based on all of the triple-lumen-perfusion studies in humans since the early 1960s. The current statistical analysis included 30 reports from which were obtained information on water absorption, CHO absorption, total solute absorption, CHO concentration, CHO type, osmolality, sodium concentration, and sodium absorption in the different gut segments during exercise and at rest. Mean differences were assessed using independent-samples t tests. Exploratory multiple-regression analyses were conducted to create prediction models for intestinal water absorption. The factors influencing water and solute absorption are carefully evaluated and extensively discussed. The authors suggest that in the human proximal small intestine, water absorption is related to both total solute and CHO absorption; osmolality exerts various impacts on water absorption in the different segments; the multiple types of CHO in the ingested CHO-E solutions play a critical role in stimulating CHO, sodium, total solute, and water absorption; CHO concentration is negatively related to water absorption; and exercise may result in greater water absorption than rest. A potential regression model for predicting water absorption is also proposed for future research and practical application. In conclusion, water absorption in the human small intestine is influenced by osmolality, solute absorption, and the anatomical structures of gut segments. Multiple types of CHO in a CHO-E solution facilitate water absorption by stimulating CHO and solute absorption and lowering osmolality in the intestinal lumen.Keywords: exercise, intestinal perfusion, sports drink, osmolality Water, carbohydrate (CHO), and electrolyte (E) absorption have been investigated in humans at rest and during exercise using a triple-lumen tube intubationperfusion technique beginning in the early 1960s (Fordtran, Levitan, Bikerman, & Burrows, 1961;Fordtran & Saltin, 1967). The triple-lumen tube intubation-perfusion technique provides a precise measurement of transport rate of water and solute in vivo at a specific intestinal site. The measurement condition is kept under a physiologic functional state. Although this technique has been recognized as a gold standard for measuring intestinal water and solute absorption and is extensively used by many investigators to study intestinal transport mechanisms, gut permeability, and the efficacy of oral rehydration solutions (ORS) and sports drinks, there are still some limitations under certain conditions, such as bypassing gastric emptying, not measuring transport of the solution being perfused, and absorption of "nonabsorbed" marker (PEG 3600 or 4000; Schedl, Maughan, & Gisolfi, 1994).Although water and solute absorption under conditions of segmental perfusion of an isotonic solution are Metabolism, 2010, 20, 427-442 © 2010 Shi is with Gatorade Sports Science Institute, PepsiCo Inc., Barrington, IL. Pas...

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“…Absorption of water, sodium, potassium, chloride and glucose was determined by in vivo single-pass perfusion of the intestinal remnants as described elsewhere [12][13][14]. Eight weeks after operation, selected animals were again anesthetized, using the same protocol and drugs.…”

Section: Nutrient Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Artificial Valves on Intestinal Adaptation in the Short-Bowel Syndrome: An Integrated Study of Morphological and Functional Changes in Rats

Willis¹,

Klosterhalfen²,

Titkova

et al. 2000

Eur Surg Res

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Two-third-resections of the proximal or distal small bowel with and without artificial valves were performed in rats. Intestinal adaptation led to a significant increase in bowel diameter, villus height and villus diameter and consequently in absorptive mucosal surface area per unit of serosal area. Additional artificial valve construction did not affect the calculated mucosal surface area after proximal resection, while it significantly decreased the absorptive area by the occurrence of large, plump villi after distal resection. There was no change in small-intestinal absorption of water, glucose and electrolytes per unit mucosa with valve construction. DNA cytometry showed that artificial valves led to mucosal hyperplasia without hypertrophy. These morphological changes coincided with a significant increase in basal and stimulated gastrin release. The body weight was unchanged or even worse in the valve groups than after resection alone, despite a significantly prolonged transit time. Therefore, in our study, artificial valves did not result in functional improvements after small intestinal resections.

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Stimulation of Sodium and Water Absorption by Sucrose in the Rat Small Intestine

Cited by 28 publications

References 18 publications

Effect of Reducing Sodium or Glucose Concentration in a Hypo-osmolar ORS (Oral Rehydration Salts) on Absorption Efficiency: Marker Perfusion Study in Rat Jejunum

Effect of Reducing Sodium or Glucose Concentration in a Hypo-osmolar ORS (Oral Rehydration Salts) on Absorption Efficiency: Marker Perfusion Study in Rat Jejunum

Water and Solute Absorption From Carbohydrate-Electrolyte Solutions in the Human Proximal Small Intestine: A Review and Statistical Analysis

Effect of Artificial Valves on Intestinal Adaptation in the Short-Bowel Syndrome: An Integrated Study of Morphological and Functional Changes in Rats

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