Stimulation of secretory IgA and secretory component of immunoglobulins in small intestine of rats treated withSaccharomyces boulardii

Abstract

Saccharomyces boulardii (S.b.) is largely used in Western European countries for the treatment of acute infectious enteritis and antibiotic-induced gastrointestinal disorders. To study the mechanisms of the protective effect of S.b. against enteral pathogen infection, we assessed the response of the intestinal secretion of secretory IgA (s-IgA) and of the secretory component of immunoglobulins (SC) to oral administration of high doses (0.5 mg/g body weight, three times per day) of S.b. cells in growing rats. S.b. cells (biological activity: 2.8 x 10(9) viable cells/100 mg) were administered daily by gastric intubation to weanling rats from day 14 until day 22 postpartum. Control groups received either 0.9% saline or ovalbumin following the same schedule. Expressed per milligram of cell protein, SC content was significantly increased in crypt cells isolated from the jejunum (48.5% vs saline controls, P less than 0.05) as it was in the duodenal fluid (62.8% vs saline controls, P less than 0.01) of rats treated with S.b. Oral treatment with S.b. had no effect on the secretion of SC by the liver. In the duodenal fluid of rats treated with S.b. cells, the mean concentration of s-IgA was increased by 56.9% (P less than 0.01) over the concentration of s-IgA measured in saline controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adhesion to the yeast cell surface as a mechanism for trapping pathogenic bacteria by Saccharomyces probiotics

“…Many mechanisms of action have been proposed to explain yeast probiotic protection against bacterial infection, such as modulating the immune system (Buts et al, 1990;Rodrigues et al, 2000), degrading Clostridium difficile toxins A and B and their respective receptors on colonic mucosa (Castagliuolo et al, 1999;Qamar et al, 2001), inhibiting cholera toxin action (Czerucka et al, 1994;Brandão et al, 1998) and modulating the transduction pathway when activated by enteropathogenic bacteria (Czerucka et al, 2000;Dahan et al, 2003;Martins et al, 2010Martins et al, , 2011. Another frequently cited mechanism for probiotic action is the production of diffusible antagonistic compounds inhibiting pathogenic bacterial growth.…”

Effects ofSaccharomyces boulardiion antibiotic induced orocecal transit in rats

“…The former possibility has not yet been studied until now, while the latter has been investigated in several animal and human studies in the past (Buts et al, 1986;1990;1994).…”

“…Clarithromycin and S. boulardii were dissolved in saline. The dose selection of the test drugs were according to the previous in vivo rat studies (Buts et al, 1990;Kim et al, 2005).…”

“…S. boulardii exerts trophic effects both in the mucosa and the endoluminal fluid of the small intestine that are likely mediated by the endoluminal release of polyamines. The increased release of polyamines, namely spermine and spermidine, stimulate the disaccharidases in the enterocytes and have positive impact on the humoral immune defence by secreting the IgA and the polymeric immunoglobulin receptors into the lumen of the small intestine (Buts et al, 1986;1990;1994). Thus, the attachment of the microorganisms and external antigens to intestinal epithelial cells is impaired and pathogenic proliferation in gut lumen is prevented.…”

Inhibition of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) adhesion to Caco-2 cells by human milk and its immunoglobulin and non-immunoglobulin fractions

“…It has been shown that fSC is an 80 kDa glycoprotein, consisting of a single polypeptide chain largely glycosilated (20%) (19). There is little information about the role of fSC in secretions, but some workers suggest that it may have a protective role against diarrhea (4,15). Recently, using immunogold labeling, we showed the ability of fSC to interact with CFA I and CFA II (CS1 and CS3) fimbrial adhesins (25).…”