Stigmina carpophila detected on Prunus armeniaca and Prunus persica in India

Abstract

During the late summer of 2016, a pattern of infection spots were observed in different varieties of Prunus armeniaca (Apricot) and Prunus persica (Peaches) in different locations in India. The disease led to a decline in the fruit production by almost 30% in the region. Symptomatologically, the dark brown leaf spots were hologenous, scattered over the entire surface, rounded to irregular, enlarging and coalescing, which resulted in premature defoliation. Both phenotypic & genotypic observations were carried out by double beam Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) rDNA sequencing, respectively. To our knowledge it is the first report of this disease from India and solid containment measures should be imposed to restrict its spread throughout the natural range of these ecologically, economically and historically precious hosts.

Prevalence and Characteristics of Cherry Shot-Hole Disease in Gilgit-Baltistan

“…Meanwhile, for biomass measurement, mycelial disks of approximately 6 mm were placed at the center of petri dishes that were overlaid with sterile cellophane. The mycelia were then carefully extracted from the cellophane, dried in an oven at 60°C for 48 hours, and subsequently weighed to determine fungal biomass (Dar et al, 2017).…”

“…The causal agent of shot hole disease is a fungal species known as Wilsonomyces carpophilus (Lev.) Adask., This pathogen, formerly named as Helminthosporium carpophilum, has undergone a number of name changes and taxonomic affiliations, as well as being recognized by many synonyms including Stigmina carpophila, Coryneum beijerinkii, Clasterosporium carpophilum, Thyrostroma carpophilum, Sciniatosporium carpophilum, and Sporocadus carpophilus (Teviotdale et al, 1997;Sundaravadivelan et al, 2014;Dar et al, 2017;Ye et al, 2020). The complex journey of this fungal species through multiple names reflects the evolving understanding of its morphology, genetic relationships, and ecological roles.…”

Phylogeny of Meliola mangiferae Causing Black Mildews of Populas alba

“…For phylogenetic analysis, ITS rDNA sequences from additional species were retrieved from GenBank. The phylogenetic tree based on concatenated ITS regions of rDNA strict consensus sequences of the Meliola mangiferae_ KY623717 and other fungal lineages used as out groups [5,6]. Consensus regions were compared against GenBank database using Mega BLAST program.…”