Steroid profiling in nails using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Voegel, Clarissa D.; Marca-Ghaemmaghami, Pearl La; Ehlert, Ulrike; Baumgartner, Markus R.; Kræmer, Thomas; Binz, Tina M.

doi:10.1016/j.steroids.2018.09.015

Cited by 22 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(38 reference statements)

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Section: Other Matrices Used In Testosterone Quantificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Utilization of fingernails as a matrix requires 0.5-10 mg material (Higashi et al, 2016;Voegel et al, 2018) and has the potential to provide a retrospective time window of hormone levels similar to hair. In an investigation of sex and handed differences, Higashi found detectable levels of testosterone in fingernails compared with more hydrophilic steroids (Higashi et al, 2016).…”

Section: Other Matrices Used In Testosterone Quantificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The investigators at NIST have revealed the photosensitivity of progesterone, which must be considered during sample handling, which in their case includes a pH adjustment (pH 9.8) followed by hexane LLE (Tai et al, 2006). The m / z transition used for +ESI multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) (314.8 ➔ 97.1) is the same as or similar to what is used in many other progesterone assays moving forward (Desai, Harwood, & Handelsman, 2019; Farke et al, 2011; Gaikwad, 2013; Galligan et al, 2018; Gao et al, 2015; Genangeli et al, 2017; Gibson, Bucknall, Golebiowski, & Stapleton, 2019; Gomez‐Gomez et al, 2020; Häkkinen et al, 2018; Higashi et al, 2011; Lee, Lee, Hong, Chung, & Choi, 2016; McCulloch & Robb, 2017; Olisov et al, 2019; Schiffer, Adaway, Baranowski, Arlt, & Keevil, 2018; Surowiec, Koc, Antti, Wikström, & Moritz, 2011; Tai et al, 2006; Voegel et al, 2018; Zhou & Cai, 2020).…”

Section: Progesterone Bioanalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Less invasive human matrices for testosterone quantification include fingernails (Higashi et al, 2016; Voegel et al, 2018), urine (Son, Yun, & Cho, 2020; Zheng et al, 2019; Zhou & Cai, 2020) and saliva (Gao et al, 2015; Thieme, Rautenberg, Grosse, & Schoenfelder, 2013). Utilization of fingernails as a matrix requires 0.5–10 mg material (Higashi et al, 2016; Voegel et al, 2018) and has the potential to provide a retrospective time window of hormone levels similar to hair. In an investigation of sex and handed differences, Higashi found detectable levels of testosterone in fingernails compared with more hydrophilic steroids (Higashi et al, 2016).…”

Section: Matrices and Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is probably due to its high affinity to keratin. Fingernail samples could be prepared using SPE (Higashi et al, 2016) or LLE (Voegel et al, 2018).…”

Section: Matrices and Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry applications for quantification of endogenous sex hormones

Gravitte

Archibald

Cobble

et al. 2020

Biomedical Chromatography

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Liquid chromatography, coupled with tandem mass spectrometry, presents a powerful tool for the quantification of the sex steroid hormones 17-β estradiol, progesterone and testosterone from biological matrices. The importance of accurate quantification with these hormones, even at endogenous levels, has evolved with our understanding of the role these regulators play in human development, fertility and disease risk and manifestation. Routine monitoring of these analytes can be accomplished by immunoassay techniques, which face limitations on specificity and sensitivity, or using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. LC-MS/MS is growing in capability and acceptance for clinically relevant quantification of sex steroid hormones in biological matrices and is able to overcome many of the limitations of immunoassays. Analyte specificity has improved through the use of novel derivatizing agents, and sensitivity has been refined through the use of high-resolution chromatography and mass spectrometric technology. This review highlights these innovations, among others, in LC-MS/MS steroid hormone analysis captured in the literature over the last decade.

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Section: Other Matrices Used In Testosterone Quantificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Other Matrices Used In Testosterone Quantificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Progesterone Bioanalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Matrices and Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is probably due to its high affinity to keratin. Fingernail samples could be prepared using SPE (Higashi et al, 2016) or LLE (Voegel et al, 2018).…”

Section: Matrices and Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry applications for quantification of endogenous sex hormones

Gravitte

Archibald

Cobble

et al. 2020

Biomedical Chromatography

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Development of a method to evaluate the effects of external environments on drug stability in nails using micro‐segmental analysis

Kuwayama,

Miyaguchi,

Kanamori

et al. 2024

Drug Testing and Analysis

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Nails can be used as an alternative to hair for examining past drug use. However, daily hand‐and‐nail care can eliminate the internal drugs. Therefore, we developed an evaluation method to examine the effects of the external environment on drug stability in nails using micro‐segmental analysis. First, reference nails containing drugs were prepared by collecting fingernails from participants who had consumed hay‐fever medicines continuously for 4 months. Next, the entire free edge of a reference nail was cut into halves at the centerline; one side was stored as an untreated block, and the other was treated with various hand/nail care products. Both nail blocks were washed and segmented at 0.5‐mm intervals in the width direction. Each segment in the extraction solution was crushed with stainless‐steel beads, sonicated, and soaked in the solution for 24 h. The analytes in extracts were quantified by LC–MS/MS, and the drug concentrations between the treated and untreated blocks were compared. The drug concentrations decreased slightly in nails treated with manicure and gel‐nail products. The analytes in nails tended to be lower in water‐rich products such as hand soap and hand cream than in oil‐rich products such as nailcare oil and acetone‐free remover. The developed method using micro‐segmental analysis enabled the evaluation of the effects of various hand/nail care products on drug stability in a limited number of nails. This would also be useful for examining the effects of severe environments on drugs in nails collected from cases of unnatural death.

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Endocannabinoid and steroid analysis in infant and adult nails by LC–MS/MS

et al. 2022

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A common method to quantify chronic stress is the analysis of stress markers in keratinized matrices such as hair or nail. In this study, we aimed to validate a sensitive liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method for the combined quantification of steroid hormones and endocannabinoids (eCBs) in the keratinized matrix nail. Furthermore, we aimed to investigate the suitability of the nail matrix for the detection of these stress markers in a pilot study. An LC–MS/MS method was used for the simultaneous identification and quantification of four eCBs (2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), anandamide (AEA), oleoylethanolamide (OEA), palmitoylethanolamide (PEA)) and five steroid hormones (cortisol, cortisone, androstenedione, progesterone, testosterone) in human nails using a surrogate analyte method for each analyte. The method was validated in terms of selectivity, response factor, linearity, limit of quantification (LOQ), precision, accuracy, matrix effect, recovery, robustness, and autosampler stability. Nail samples were extracted for 1 h with methanol following a clean-up with a fully automated supported liquid extraction (SLE). The influence of nail weight on the quantification was investigated by using 0.5–20 mg of nail sample. As a proof of concept, nail samples (N = 57) were analyzed from a cohort representing newborns (1 month old), children (between 1 and 10 years), and adults (up to 43 years). It could be shown that the established workflow using a 1 hour extraction and clean-up by SLE was very robust and resulted in a short sample preparation time. The LC–MS/MS method was successfully validated. Matrix effects with ion enhancement occurred mainly for 2-AG. Sample weights below 5 mg showed variations in quantification for some analytes. Certain analytes such as PEA and progesterone could be accurately quantified at a sample weight lower than 5 mg. This is the first study where steroids and eCBs could be simultaneously detected and quantified in infant and adult nails. These results show that nails may serve as an alternative keratinized matrix (compared to hair) for the retrospective monitoring of cumulative eCB and steroid hormone levels. The combined assessment of eCBs and steroids from nails could provide a new approach to gain new insights into stress exposure in newborns and adults. Graphical abstract

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Steroid profiling in nails using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Cited by 22 publications

References 22 publications

Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry applications for quantification of endogenous sex hormones

Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry applications for quantification of endogenous sex hormones

Development of a method to evaluate the effects of external environments on drug stability in nails using micro‐segmental analysis

Endocannabinoid and steroid analysis in infant and adult nails by LC–MS/MS

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