Stem Cells: Recent Developments Redefining Epilepsy Therapy

Alayli, Adam; Lockard, Gavin; Gordon, Jonah; Connolly, Jacob; Monsour, Molly; Schimmel, Samantha; Peña, Ike dela; Borlongan, Cesario V.

doi:10.1177/09636897231158967

“…Within the intermediate range, some individuals suffer from severe epilepsy and have different cognitive deficits; however, they do not display indications of secondary generalized epilepsy. Precocious puberty is not always a consistent or prevalent symptom seen in GS [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39]. In summary, HH are uncommon tumors that are linked to a combination of developmental delay, early onset of puberty, and gelastic epilepsy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Alayli, et al [31]) Stem cell therapy offers an alternative treatment for epilepsy, reducing seizure frequency and neurological deficits.…”

Section: Original Article Seizuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting First-Line Therapeutics and the Exploration of Theoretical Novel Neurohormonal Modulation Strategies of Hypothalamic Hamartoma-Induced Gelastic Epilepsy

Todd

2024

BJSTR

0

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Epilepsy, and the treatments associated, involvebio-hormonal disruption, altered endocrine physiology, and maladaptive reproductive influence. All of which may impact seizure susceptibility. Gelastic seizures (GS), are often linked to hypothalamic hamartomas (HH), which are uncommon congenital abnormalities characterized by the often-pathognomonic triad of GS, early puberty, and developmental delay. This systematic review aims to revisit first-line therapeutics associated with GS, as well as the theoretical surgical and non-surgical approaches targeting management of this disease process. A comprehensive literature review was conducted using the databases PubMed, ProQuest, and Science Direct. A diverse range of studies were chosen. The search included the keywords "First-Line Therapeutics for Gelastic Epilepsy" and "Novel Management Strategy for Gelastic Epilepsy". Out of 31 screened papers, 16 articles in total met the criteria for inclusion. One article explored contained inaccessible full-text records; therefore 15 articles were systematically reviewed. Research suggests GS are typically the initial seizure manifestation of hypothalamic hamartomas. Current and emerging pharmaceutical therapeutic strategies are currently being investigated; however, research indicates the surgicalanterior transcallosal interforniceal approachextremely effectivelywith othertreatment methods utilizing endoscopic and radio surgical ablative techniques a promising alternative.

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“…Within the intermediate range, some individuals suffer from severe epilepsy and have different cognitive deficits; however, they do not display indications of secondary generalized epilepsy. Precocious puberty is not always a consistent or prevalent symptom seen in GS [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39]. In summary, HH are uncommon tumors that are linked to a combination of developmental delay, early onset of puberty, and gelastic epilepsy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2024

BJSTR

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Epilepsy, and the treatments associated, involvebio-hormonal disruption, altered endocrine physiology, and maladaptive reproductive influence. All of which may impact seizure susceptibility. Gelastic seizures (GS), are often linked to hypothalamic hamartomas (HH), which are uncommon congenital abnormalities characterized by the often-pathognomonic triad of GS, early puberty, and developmental delay. This systematic review aims to revisit first-line therapeutics associated with GS, as well as the theoretical surgical and non-surgical approaches targeting management of this disease process. A comprehensive literature review was conducted using the databases PubMed, ProQuest, and Science Direct. A diverse range of studies were chosen. The search included the keywords "First-Line Therapeutics for Gelastic Epilepsy" and "Novel Management Strategy for Gelastic Epilepsy". Out of 31 screened papers, 16 articles in total met the criteria for inclusion. One article explored contained inaccessible full-text records; therefore 15 articles were systematically reviewed. Research suggests GS are typically the initial seizure manifestation of hypothalamic hamartomas. Current and emerging pharmaceutical therapeutic strategies are currently being investigated; however, research indicates the surgicalanterior transcallosal interforniceal approachextremely effectivelywith othertreatment methods utilizing endoscopic and radio surgical ablative techniques a promising alternative.

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Astrocytes’ innate role in neurodegenerative disorders

Ahadiat

¹

,

Hosseinian

²

2023

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Background Central nervous system (CNS) astrocytes have various functions in the central nervous system (CNS). Many neurodegenerative diseases are associated with astrocyte dysfunction. Main body of the abstract Undoubtedly, astrocytes play a crucial role in neurogenesis and synaptogenesis by controlling the intercellular permeability of the blood–brain barrier and maintaining the homeostasis of the extracellular space. Regarding nerve damage, mature astrocytes are divided into A1 and A2 astrocytes. The supportive patterns of reactive astrocytes can be converted into toxic patterns and eventually lead to the development of neurological diseases. Alterations of neurotransmitters, cell communication, receptors, and signaling pathways, especially in the site of inflammation, secretion of inflammatory factors, secretion of growth factors, protein deposition, ion homeostasis, and finally, changes in the size and number of astrocytes are among the most important pathogenic alterations in astrocytes. Astrocytes also exhibit considerable heterogeneity due to the developmental mechanisms they follow and stimulus-specific cellular responses influenced by CNS location, cell–cell interactions, and other factors. Short conclusion In recent years, biomolecular advances have led to a better understanding of astrocyte function, allowing them to be considered a therapeutic target in healthy and diseased individuals. Understanding the interactions between astrocytes and other cells will improve our knowledge of the regulation of astrocyte function in homeostasis and new therapeutic targets in future studies.

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Stem Cells: Recent Developments Redefining Epilepsy Therapy

Cited by 4 publications

References 64 publications

Revisiting First-Line Therapeutics and the Exploration of Theoretical Novel Neurohormonal Modulation Strategies of Hypothalamic Hamartoma-Induced Gelastic Epilepsy

Revisiting First-Line Therapeutics and the Exploration of Theoretical Novel Neurohormonal Modulation Strategies of Hypothalamic Hamartoma-Induced Gelastic Epilepsy

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Astrocytes’ innate role in neurodegenerative disorders

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