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Abstract

Epilepsy, and the treatments associated, involvebio-hormonal disruption, altered endocrine physiology, and maladaptive reproductive influence. All of which may impact seizure susceptibility. Gelastic seizures (GS), are often linked to hypothalamic hamartomas (HH), which are uncommon congenital abnormalities characterized by the often-pathognomonic triad of GS, early puberty, and developmental delay. This systematic review aims to revisit first-line therapeutics associated with GS, as well as the theoretical surgical and non-surgical approaches targeting management of this disease process. A comprehensive literature review was conducted using the databases PubMed, ProQuest, and Science Direct. A diverse range of studies were chosen. The search included the keywords "First-Line Therapeutics for Gelastic Epilepsy" and "Novel Management Strategy for Gelastic Epilepsy". Out of 31 screened papers, 16 articles in total met the criteria for inclusion. One article explored contained inaccessible full-text records; therefore 15 articles were systematically reviewed. Research suggests GS are typically the initial seizure manifestation of hypothalamic hamartomas. Current and emerging pharmaceutical therapeutic strategies are currently being investigated; however, research indicates the surgicalanterior transcallosal interforniceal approachextremely effectivelywith othertreatment methods utilizing endoscopic and radio surgical ablative techniques a promising alternative.