Status dan Mekanisme Resistensi Biokimia Crocidolomia pavonana (F.) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) terhadap Insektisida Organofosfat serta Kepekaannya terhadap Insektisida Botani Ekstrak Biji Barringtonia asiatica

Abstract

<jats:p>An examination of insect resistance was determined by several steps, i.e. standard sensitivity, resistance diagnosis, and determination of resistance level. Each phase was tested with feeding and residue contact methods at glass tube. Resistance ratio (RR) was determined by comparing LC50 value of field population with standard population. Field population of C. pavonana was classified resistant if it had RR 5 4. Biochemistry analysis of resistance was conducted to population of C. pavonana showing resistance to prophenophos insecticide. The activity analysis of acetylcholine esterase (ACHE), esterase, and Glutation Stransferase was done with spectrophotometer method. Insect which are resistant to prophenophos insecticide was tested for its sensitivity to Barringtonia asiatica seed extract. Result indicated that C. pavonana population from Pengalengan showed resistance to prophenophos synthetic insecticide. Using contact test, the highest resistance ratio value was 4.04, while by feeding assay the RR was 2.78. The study on biochemical resistance mechanisms of each field population of C. pavonana showed various activities of enzymatic detoxification. This could be due to the difference in the kind of insecticides exposed to each field population of C. pavonana. Since RR value from the contact test was higher than that of the feeding test, the resistance development of C. pavonana to synthetic insecticides was probably caused by physiological and biochemical changes in insect cuticle rather than the activity of detoxification enzyme. Methanolic seed extract of B. asiatica can be used as an alternative of resistance management of C. pavonana to prophenophos synthetic insecticide.</jats:p>

THE EFFECTIVITY OF CITRONELLA AND CLOVE OILS AGAINTS CABBAGE CATERPILLAR Crocidolomia pavonana

“…Penetration rate on one part of cuticle depends on the structure and thickness of that particular part. Pesticide generally tends to enter insect body through the parts of the body covered by thin cuticle, such as inter-part membrane, joint membrane on the base of embelan and chemoreceptor on tarsus (Dono et al, 2010).…”

The Effect of Neem, Citronella, Castor Oil, and Their Mixtures against Crocidolomia pavonana F. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

“…Penggunaan insektisida secara berlebihan dan tidak bijaksana dapat menimbulkan berbagai dampak merugikan di antaranya berkurangnya diversitas organisme dalam lingkungan serta gangguan kesehatan manusia (Mahmood et al, 2016). Penggunaan pestisida yang berlebihan juga mengakibatkan resistensi dan resurjensi hama, serta terbunuhnya musuh alami, (Dono et al, 2010(Dono et al, , dan 2014. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka perlu dilakukan pengembangan insektisida nabati untuk meminimalkan penggunaan insektisida sintetik.…”

Efek Mortalitas Dan Penghambatan Makan Beberapa Ekstrak Tumbuhan Asal Kabupaten Merauke, Papua Terhadap Larva Crocidolomia Pavonana (F.) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

“…Serangan hama tersebut dapat menyebabkan kerusakan hingga 100% jika tidak dilakukan tindakan pengendalian (Mulyaningsih, 2010). Tindakan pengendalian yang umum dilakukan oleh petani adalah dengan menggunakan insektisida sintetik (Dono et al, 2010) yang oleh petani dianggap lebih praktis, efektif, dan efisien dari segi waktu, biaya, dan tenaga kerja (Dadang & Prijono, 2008). Namun penggunaan insektisida sintetik secara terus menerus dengan intensitas yang tinggi dan teknik aplikasi yang kurang tepat dapat menimbulkan beberapa dampak negatif, seperti terjadinya resistensi hama, ledakan hama sekunder, terbunuhnya organisme bukan sasaran dan kandungan residu insektisida pada produk pertanian.…”