State and Trends of Carbon Pricing 2014

Abstract

This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Nothing herein shall constitute or be considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of The World Bank, all of which are specifically reserved.

Comparing the life cycle costs of using harvest residue as feedstock for small- and large-scale bioenergy systems (part II)

“…Only 12% of annual global GHG emissions are subject to a carbon price, which range from under $1(U.S.)/tonne CO 2 eq. in Mexico to $168 in Sweden [62]. Further, most of the prices in existing carbon pricing systems are below $35/t [62], which are insufficient for both the small-and large-scale bioenergy projects.…”

Analysing Trade-Offs in Management Decision- Making Between Ecosystem Services, Biodiversity Conservation, and Commodity Production in the Peruvian Amazon National Reserve

“…According to the global carbon market, and across all attributes, the average price is $3/tCO2e [39]. This price is substantially lower than the price levels that are consistent with achieving the temperature goal of the Paris Agreement, in the range of $40 to 80 /tCO2e in 2020 [40]. Varillal forests, Highland forests, and Tahuampas (flood forests) cover 51,952.2 hectares, which could store approximately 7.9 MtCO2e, according to our calculations.…”

Cost-Effectiveness of Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Measures for Agriculture

“…In Korea the 2015 ETS explicitly includes agriculture (EDF and IETA, 2013), but it is too early to assess its implementation. None of the eighteen other carbon pricing systems in place or planned at the end of 2014 explicitly accounted for agriculture (World Bank, 2014). Among other factors, the establishment of markets is difficult when facing a large number of emission sources, as in the case of agriculture.…”