Starfish Insulin

Wilson, S.; Falkmer, Sture

doi:10.1139/o65-178

Cited by 48 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Previous work suggests that Sp-IGFs may be expressed in the sea urchin larval gut (dePablo et al 1988) and in adult starfish gut (Wilson and Falkmer, 1965). Microarray data confirms expression in the sea urchin embryo (Samanta et al 2006).…”

Section: Insulin and Igf Familysupporting

confidence: 54%

A genomic view of the sea urchin nervous system

Burke¹,

Angerer²,

Elphick³

et al. 2006

Developmental Biology

261

278

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The sequencing of the Strongylocentrotus purpuratus genome provides a unique opportunity to investigate the function and evolution of neural genes. The neurobiology of sea urchins is of particular interest because they have a close phylogenetic relationship with chordates, yet a distinctive pentaradiate body plan and unusual neural organization. Orthologues of transcription factors that regulate neurogenesis in other animals have been identified and several are expressed in neurogenic domains before gastrulation indicating that they may operate near the top of a conserved neural gene regulatory network. A family of genes encoding voltage-gated ion channels is present but, surprisingly, genes encoding gap junction proteins (connexins and pannexins) appear to be absent. Genes required for synapse formation and function have been identified and genes for synthesis and transport of neurotransmitters are present. There is a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors, including 874 rhodopsin-type receptors, 28 metabotropic glutamate-like receptors and a remarkably expanded group of 161 secretin receptor-like proteins. Absence of cannabinoid, lysophospholipid and melanocortin receptors indicates that this group may be unique to chordates. There are at least 37 putative G-protein-coupled peptide receptors and precursors for several neuropeptides and peptide hormones have been identified, including SALMFamides, NGFFFamide, a vasotocin-like peptide, glycoprotein hormones and insulin/insulin-like growth factors. Identification of a neurotrophin-like gene and Trk receptor in sea urchin indicates that this neural signaling system is not unique to chordates. Several hundred chemoreceptor genes have been predicted using several approaches, a number similar to that for other animals. Intriguingly, genes encoding homologues of rhodopsin, Pax6 and several other key mammalian retinal transcription factors are expressed in tube feet, suggesting tube feet function as photosensory organs. Analysis of the sea urchin genome presents a unique perspective on the evolutionary history of deuterostome nervous systems and reveals new approaches to investigate the development and neurobiology of sea urchins.

show abstract

Section: Insulin and Igf Familysupporting

confidence: 54%

A genomic view of the sea urchin nervous system

Burke¹,

Angerer²,

Elphick³

et al. 2006

Developmental Biology

261

278

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In this respect P. ochraceus hepatic caecal lipids are atypical of marine oils, in which 20:5 and 22:6 are usually predominant components (Lovern, 1964). Additional evidence for net lipogenesis is provided by the discovery and partial purification of an insulinlike material in the hepatic caeca of P. ochraceus (Wilson & Falkmer, 1965), inasmuch as insulin is known to stimulate lipogenesis in mammalian adipose tissue (Vaughan, 1961). The low content of polyenoic acids and concomitant high content of saturated and monoenoic acids in the hepatic caecum of P. ochraceus may be a consequence of selective deposition of dietary monoenes and saturates, selective utilization or transport (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty-acid synthesis in the echinoderms:Asterias rubens, Echinus esculentusandHolothuria forskali

Allen

1968

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The fatty-acid compositions of tissue lipids of Asterias rubens L., Echinus esculentus L. and Holothuria forskali Delia Chiaje were determined by means of gasliquid chromatography. Considerable proportions of branched-chain, normal oddnumbered and eicosatetraenoic acids occur in the latter two animals. Tissues of all three animals were incubated with i-14 C-acetate. The relative specific activities of fatty-acid fractions isolated by thin-layer chromatography upon AgNO 3 -impregnated silica gel G fell in the order: saturates > monoenes > dienes > polyenes. The fatty-acid compositions of the alkoxydiglyceride, triglyceride and phospholipid classes of A. rubens hepatic caecal lipid were also determined.

show abstract

“…Another unique effect is noted in the capability of certain starfish isolates (Asterias glacialis, Pisaster ochraceous) to initiate an escape response in molluscs (242). Pisaster ochraceous also yields an invertebrate insulin (2,243). A muscle-contracting principle from Asterias rubens has been also described by Fange (239).…”

Section: Qoo-i+mentioning

confidence: 85%

Marine Pharmaceuticals

Marderosian

1969

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Starfish Insulin

Cited by 48 publications

References 5 publications

A genomic view of the sea urchin nervous system

A genomic view of the sea urchin nervous system

Fatty-acid synthesis in the echinoderms:Asterias rubens, Echinus esculentusandHolothuria forskali

Marine Pharmaceuticals

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About