Marine Pharmaceuticals

Marine Mollusks: Food with Benefits

“…A scarce number of reports deal with molluscan natural products’ effectivity against their peculiar viral infections, but, on the other hand, a large number of human viral pathogens have been found susceptible to molluscan metabolites reflecting a lack of tailored antiviral response in their innate immune system (Dang et al., ). Secondary metabolites isolated from no less than eight gastropods ( Haliotis laevigata , Haliotis rubra , Haliotis rufescens , Littorina littorea , Buccinulum corneum , Tegula gallina , Rapana venosa , and Buccinum undatum ) (Table ), and nine bivalves ( Mercenaria mercenaria , Mya arenaria , R. philippinarum , Cerastoderma edule , Mytilus galloprovincialis , Crenomytilus grayanus , Crassostrea virginica , Crassostrea gigas , and Ostrea edulis ) (Table ) have been described as potent against many, generally human, viruses (Dang, Benkendorff, & Speck, ; Dang, Speck, Doroudi, Smith, & Benkendorff, ; Defer, Bourgougnon, & Fleury, , ; Dolashka et al., ; Dolashka‐Angelova et al., ; Dupuy, Bonami, & Roch, ; Genova‐Kalou et al., ; Li, ; Li & Traxler, ; Li et al., ; Li, Prescott, & Jahnes, ; Luk'yanov et al., ; Marderosian, ; Olicard, Didier, Marty, Bourgougnon, & Renault, ; Olicard, Renault, Torhy, Benmansour, & Bourgougnon, ; Prescott, Li, Caldes, & Martino, ; Roch, Beschin, & Bernard, ; Roch, Yang, Toubiana, & Aumelas, ; Silvestri et al., ). An extraordinarily large number (roughly 100,000 species) of mollusks, hence, remains untested for potential antiviral efficacy (Dang et al., ).…”

A general synthesis of the acarnidines

“…The dimethylpyrimainylderivative of acarnidine (la) was also prepared and compared to the pyrimninylanalogue (2) prepared according to Scheme I.…”

Distribution and biodiversity of Singapore gorgonians (sub-class Octocorallia) ? a preliminary survey

“…The economic importance of gorgonians is seen in the gorgonian Corallium rubrum (commonly known as red coral) which was sold for US$ 900 per kg in 1980 (Bayer, 1981). More recently, antimicrobial (Burkholder & Burkholder, 1958;Der Marderosian, 1969), antiviral (Faulkner, 1984), anti-inflammatory (Fenical, 1987), antineoplastic (Faulkner, 1984) and anti-fouling (Standing et al, 1984;Bandurraga & Fenical, 1985;Rittschof et al, 1985;Faulkner, 1986) agents having been extracted from gorgonians. More recently, antimicrobial (Burkholder & Burkholder, 1958;Der Marderosian, 1969), antiviral (Faulkner, 1984), anti-inflammatory (Fenical, 1987), antineoplastic (Faulkner, 1984) and anti-fouling (Standing et al, 1984;Bandurraga & Fenical, 1985;Rittschof et al, 1985;Faulkner, 1986) agents having been extracted from gorgonians.…”