Staphylococcal Periscope proteins Aap, SasG, and Pls project noncanonical legume-like lectin adhesin domains from the bacterial surface

Clark, Laura C.; Atkin, Kate E.; Whelan, Fiona; Brentnall, Andrew S.; Harris, Gemma; Towell, Aisling M.; Turkenburg, J.P.; Liu, Yan; Feizi, Ten; Griffiths, Samuel C.; Geoghegan, Joan A.; Potts, Jennifer R.

doi:10.1016/j.jbc.2023.102936

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“… 63 pls gene encodes Plasmin-Sensitive proteins to increase the biofilm formation. 64 The J2 region contains some genetic elements, transposon Tn554, ψTn554, etc. Transposons can carry plenty of resistance genes.…”

Section: Resistance Mechanisms Of Mrsamentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in the Prevalence, Classification and Drug Resistance Mechanisms of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Hou¹,

Liu²,

Wei³

et al. 2023

IDR

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Staphylococcus aureus is a common human pathogen with a variety of virulence factors, which can cause multiple infectious diseases. In recent decades, due to the constant evolution and the abuse of antibiotics, Staphylococcus aureus was becoming more resistant, the infection rate of MRSA remained high, and clinical treatment of MRSA became more difficult. The genetic diversity of MRSA was mainly represented by the continuous emergence of epidemic strains, resulting in the constant changes of epidemic clones. Different classes of MRSA resulted in different epidemics and resistance characteristics, which could affect the clinical symptoms and treatments. MRSA had also spread from traditional hospitals to community and livestock environments, and the new clones established a relationship between animals and humans, promoting further evolution of MRSA. Since the resistance mechanism of MRSA is very complex, it is important to clarify these resistance mechanisms at the molecular level for the treatment of infectious diseases. We firstly described the diversity of SCC mec elements, and discussed the types of SCC mec , its drug resistance mechanisms and expression regulations. Then, we described how the vanA operon makes Staphylococcus aureus resistant to vancomycin and its expression regulation. Finally, a brief introduction was given to the drug resistance mechanisms of biofilms and efflux pump systems. Analyzing the resistance mechanism of MRSA can help study new anti-infective drugs and alleviate the evolution of MRSA. At the end of the review, we summarized the treatment strategies for MRSA infection, including antibiotics, anti-biofilm agents and efflux pump inhibitors. To sum up, here we reviewed the epidemic characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus , summarized its classifications, drug resistance mechanisms of MRSA (SCC mec element, vanA operon, biofilm and active efflux pump system) and novel therapy strategies, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of MRSA infection.

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Section: Resistance Mechanisms Of Mrsamentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in the Prevalence, Classification and Drug Resistance Mechanisms of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Hou¹,

Liu²,

Wei³

et al. 2023

IDR

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“…44–47 More recent reports also suggest the lectin-like A domain of Aap also contributes to initial cell adhesion during biofilm formation. 48–50 While we observed a >8-fold enrichment of Aap through proximity labeling with APEX2-DspB, this enrichment was not dependent on PNAG. These results were consistent with Aap and PNAG playing independent roles during biofilm formation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…These results were consistent with Aap and PNAG playing independent roles during biofilm formation. 44,48,50–52…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results were consistent with Aap and PNAG playing independent roles during biofilm formation. 44,48,[50][51][52] AtlE is the major autolysin of S. epidermidis responsible for cell separation during cell division. [53][54][55] The protein consists of both an amidase domain and a glucosaminidase domain along with 7 GW domains that function as cell wall-targeting modules.…”

Section: Identification Of Biotinylated Pnag-interacting Proteins Usi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mapping protein–exopolysaccharide binding interaction inStaphylococcus epidermidisbiofilms by live cell proximity labeling

Vo,

Hong,

Stepler

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Bacterial biofilms consist of cells encased in an extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) composed of exopolysaccharides, extracellular DNA, and proteins that are critical for cell–cell adhesion and protect the cells from environmental stress, antibiotic treatments, and the host immune response. Degrading EPS components or blocking their production have emerged as promising strategies for prevention or dispersal of bacterial biofilms, but we still have little information about the specific biomolecular interactions that occur between cells and EPS components and how those interactions contribute to biofilm production.Staphylococcus epidermidisis a leading cause of nosocomial infections as a result of producing biofilms that use the exopolysaccharide poly- (1→6)-β-N-acetylglucosamine (PNAG) as a major structural component. In this study, we have developed a live cell proximity labeling approach combined with quantitative mass spectrometry-based proteomics to map the PNAG interactome of liveS. epidermidisbiofilms. Through these measurements we discovered elastin-binding protein (EbpS) as a major PNAG-interacting protein. Using live cell binding measurements, we found that the lysin motif (LysM) domain of EbpS specifically binds to PNAG present inS. epidermidisbiofilms. Our work provides a novel method for the rapid identification of exopolysaccharide-binding proteins in live biofilms that will help to extend our understanding of the biomolecular interactions that are required for bacterial biofilm formation.

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“…The crystal structure of SasG-II lectin was solved at 1.88 Å, revealing an overall architecture that is nearly identical to the L-type lectin folds of SasG-I, Aap, and Pls 16,31 ( Fig. 2A ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Staphylococcus aureusskin colonization is mediated by SasG lectin variation

Mills,

Maciag,

Wang

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Staphylococcus aureuscauses the majority of skin and soft tissue infections, but this pathogen only transiently colonizes healthy skin. However, this transient skin exposure enablesS. aureusto transition to infection. Initial adhesion ofS. aureusto skin corneocytes is mediated by surface protein G (SasG). Here, phylogenetic analyses reveal the presence of two major divergent SasG alleles inS. aureus, SasG-I and SasG-II. Structural analyses of SasG-II identified a unique non-aromatic arginine in the binding pocket of the lectin subdomain that mediates adhesion to corneocytes. Atomic force microscopy and corneocyte adhesion assays indicated SasG-II can bind to a broader variety of ligands than SasG-I. Glycosidase treatment resulted in different binding profiles between SasG-I and SasG-II on skin cells. Additionally, SasG-mediated adhesion was recapitulated using differentiated N/TERT keratinocytes. Our findings indicate that SasG-II has evolved to adhere to multiple ligands, conferring a distinct advantage toS. aureusduring skin colonization.

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Staphylococcal Periscope proteins Aap, SasG, and Pls project noncanonical legume-like lectin adhesin domains from the bacterial surface

Cited by 6 publications

References 72 publications

Progress in the Prevalence, Classification and Drug Resistance Mechanisms of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Progress in the Prevalence, Classification and Drug Resistance Mechanisms of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Mapping protein–exopolysaccharide binding interaction inStaphylococcus epidermidisbiofilms by live cell proximity labeling

Staphylococcus aureusskin colonization is mediated by SasG lectin variation

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