Stakeholder Deliberation on Developing Affordable Housing Strategies: Towards Inclusive and Sustainable Transit-Oriented Developments

Abstract

Transit-oriented developments (TODs) are commanding high land and rental values due to improved accessibility and economic opportunities. Owing to the increase in land and rental values, the highly desirable TODs are gradually becoming inaccessible to the poor, creating social exclusion and housing inequities within the TODs. To address this consequence, the study proposes a three-level stakeholder deliberation framework (inform, involve, and collaborate) towards developing inclusive housing strategies for equitable and sustainable TODs. The framework is applied to the context of the Yeshwanthpur industrial area, Bengaluru, India. The first level of deliberation, 'information', foregrounds the need for affordable housing strategies for stakeholders. In the second level of deliberation, the stakeholders involved identify the major challenges in incorporating affordable housing into TODs. In the third level of deliberation, stakeholders collaborate to contemplate strategies to combat each challenge. The results show that mandatory inclusionary zoning, special-purpose planning vehicles, land banking entities, innovative financing tools, and local area level plans in collaboration with the community, emerged as potentially feasible strategies to create inclusive housing outcomes in the TOD case study area.

Value Capture Instruments as An Infrastructure Project Financing Alternative For Rail-Based Mass Transportation: Qualitative Study from The Government Perspective

“…In India, the transit and housing authorities work together benefiting the fund raised from the developers who get bonus density to build rail-based mass transportation infrastructure. This instrument is applied by the Indian government to all its mass transport infrastructure projects, whether rail-based or road-based (BRT) (Chava & Newman, 2016).…”

The Color of Health: Residential Segregation, Light Rail Transit Developments, and Gentrification in the United States

“…Community stakeholders and local council members need to actively participate in neighborhood planning and understand their rights in order for appropriate and well-informed negotiation to occur with developers. Using a three-level deliberation framework (i.e., (1) inform; (2) involve; and (3) collaborate), stakeholders can establish inclusive housing strategies for equitable and sustainable TODs [145]. At the first level, planners need to inform stakeholders about existing affordable housing policies and strategies and provide examples for how these initiatives have been developed in other areas.…”

Maximizing RUSUNA Development in TOD Jakarta-Case Study TOD Lebak Bulus Jakarta

“…Deliberation is divided into three levels: inform, involve, and collaborate. They also grouped several tools in guiding the development of affordable housing into several categories: [12] -Tools related to zoning regulations, local codes, fees, and procedures -Financing tools -Joint Development Programs Tools A paper entitled "Affordable Housing in Transit-Oriented Developments: Impacts on Driving and Policy Approaches" in 2017 tries to find a common policy point that promotes affordable housing units on TOD development. [13] The conclusions of the study are:  Affordable TOD housing will still be affordable if only subsidized by the developer or occupant is sustainable.…”