Stacked revenue and technical benefits of a grid-connected energy storage system

Tian, Yuting; Bera, Atri; Benidris, Mohammed; Mitra, Joydeep

doi:10.1109/ias.2017.8101717

Cited by 13 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The ESS ensures the voltage/current regulation to maintain the grid frequency and voltage amplitude for the grid-supporting converters. Among various ESS applications, this section addresses the PCS control of the ESS for power backup smoothing [73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82], frequency regulation [83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95] and voltage regulation and power quality applications [96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110], ESS multi-functional stacking [111][112][113][114][115][116][117][118][119], artificial intelligence (AI) [120]…”

Section: Control System Configuration For Each Application Of Essmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive state‐of‐the‐art review of power conditioning systems for energy storage systems: Topology and control applications in power systems

Rafaq

Basit

Mohammed

et al. 2022

IET Renewable Power Gen

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Energy storage systems are pivotal for maximising the utilisation of renewable energy sources for smart grid and microgrid systems. Among the ongoing advancements in energy storage systems, the power conditioning systems for energy storage systems represent an area that can be significantly improved by using advanced power electronics converter designs and control techniques. Normally, the battery, flywheel, ultracapacitor and superconducting magnetic energy storage are the types of energy storage systems that typically require power conditioning systems for efficient bidirectional power flows. Compared to the previous review papers, this paper critically reviews the power conditioning system configurations and control techniques from the perspective of energy storage system applications in the power systems. First, the power conditioning systems are categorised into DC bus power conditioning systems and AC bus power conditioning systems based on the output voltage types at the connected point. Next, the topologies and control configurations of popular power electronics are comparatively analysed to highlight their advantages and power system applications. Moreover, the control configurations are discussed in terms of the popular applications of energy storage systems, that is, power backup smoothing, frequency regulation, voltage regulation and power quality applications. In addition, the latest developments in the energy storage system such as multi-functional energy storage system stacking, artificial intelligence for power conditioning system of energy storage systems and security of control of energy storage systems are critically analysed. Finally, the review is concluded by discussing industrial applications and future research trends for the power conditioning systems of energy storage systems.

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Section: Control System Configuration For Each Application Of Essmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive state‐of‐the‐art review of power conditioning systems for energy storage systems: Topology and control applications in power systems

Rafaq

Basit

Mohammed

et al. 2022

IET Renewable Power Gen

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“…The SoC is estimated using the Coulombs method. The capacity fading [41] for the scenario in hour can be incorporated in (5), such that:…”

Section: E Energy Storage Capacity Fadingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, with the advent of bidirectional technologies, the microgrid operators can exploit the dynamic market prices by storing the energy during off-peak, low-price periods for use in the peak-price periods [3], [4]. However, the investment cost [5]. Therefore, the dynamics and the scalability of the BESS, uncertain renewable energy, unpredictable load demand and highly volatile market price makes the energy management of an industrial microgrid a real challenge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Integrated Energy Management Approach for the Economic Operation of Industrial Microgrids Under Uncertainty of Renewable Energy

Mohy-ud-din

Vu²,

Muttaqi

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. on Ind. Applicat.

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© 1972-2012 IEEE. Many modern industries are equipped with onsite renewable generation and are normally connected to the grid. A battery energy storage system (BESS) can complement the intermittency of the available onsite renewable generation. The combination of the BESS and the renewable generation can operate as a microgrid. If the microgrid is properly sized and managed, it is possible to reduce the electricity bill to have a huge saving in the electricity cost. This article proposes an energy management system for such an industrial microgrids. The decisions to charge and discharge the BESS in the proposed energy management are usually constrained by the size of the energy storage. The proposed energy management strategy aims to optimize the operation of the industrial microgrids subject to the scalability of the BESS under uncertainties. The proposed optimization involves two stages. In the first stage of optimization, it determines the optimum size of the energy storage taking into account the cost of the BESS, and in the second stage, it minimizes the cost of the microgrid operation based on the decision made in the first stage. This proposed two-stage energy management strategy is formulated as a single-stage linear program that incorporates stochastic scenarios for addressing uncertainties. In addition, the proposed strategy also considers the various operating limits of the energy storage, such as the efficiency and the charging and the discharging rates, and considers the fading effect of the batteries of the BESS. The proposed strategy is then validated using two typical datasets from two different industrial units in New South Wales, Australia. The simulation results show that the proposed strategy 1 Abstract-Many modern industries are equipped with on-site renewable generation and are normally connected to the grid. A battery energy storage system (BESS) can complement the intermittency of the available on-site renewable generation. The combination of the BESS and the renewable generation can operate as a microgrid. If the microgrid is properly sized and managed, it is possible to reduce the electricity bill to have a huge saving in the electricity cost. This paper proposes an energy management system for such an industrial microgrids. The decisions to charge and discharge the BESS in the proposed energy management are usually constrained by the size of the energy storage. The proposed energy management strategy aims to optimize the operation of the industrial microgrids subject to the scalability of the BESS under uncertainties. The proposed optimization involves two stages. In the first stage of optimization, it determines the optimum size of the energy storage taking into account the cost of the BESS, and in the second stage, it minimizes the cost of the microgrid operation based on the decision made in the first stage. This proposed two-stage energy management strategy is formulated as a single stage linear program that incorporates stochastic scenarios for addressing uncertainties. In addition...

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“…Most of the works proposed in the literature focus on electrochemical processes, looking for an extremely accurate simulation of cell chemical characteristics; on the contrary, a minor focus is posed on modeling power conversion systems (PCS) and auxiliary systems (e.g., HVAC), even though they account for a non-negligible share of overall losses, as highlighted in [16,17]. Indeed, a simple BESS model with a constant charge and discharge efficiency is often accepted, such as in [21,22]. Moving from these considerations, the first main contribution of this study is to couple services stacking together with a detailed modeling of BESS performances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revenue Stacking for BESS: Fast Frequency Regulation and Balancing Market Participation in Italy

Rancilio

Bovera

Merlo

2022

International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems

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Battery energy storage systems (BESS) are considered a relevant flexible resource for supporting the balancing of a RES-penetrated power grid. Since their cost structure is characterized by very high capital costs, it is of utmost importance to ensure efficient and effective operations from a techno-economic perspective. The possibility of services (and revenues) stacking is one of the most discussed optimization solutions. The present work provides a novel approach for BESS modeling, including the stacking of two diverse ancillary services, a dedicated balancing market bidding model, and a state-of-charge management strategy. Fast frequency regulation is proposed as a power-based service, requiring large ramping capability, but asking BESS activation just for a limited amount of time. For the remainder, BESS power can be traded on balancing market (BM): energy-based services, such as tertiary regulation, could be effectively coupled with power-based, fast regulations, increasing the economic attractiveness of investments in BESS. The case of fast reserve (FR), a new high-speed frequency response service proposed by the Italian TSO in Italy, is assessed in this study. FR provision foresees a capacity-based remuneration (k€/MW/year) and requires to ensure 1000 hours per year of availability. After assessing its cost-effectiveness as a stand-alone service, a sequential multiservice strategy is proposed, where BESS provides FR for 1000 hours, while for the rest of the time it is dedicated to the provision of replacement reserve (RR). Performances of BESS are evaluated considering the reliability of the provision, its operational efficiency, and investment’s economics. Performed tests demonstrate how, within the current Italian regulatory framework, the investment’s rate of return improves thanks to the multiservice approach. In particular, while maintaining a proper reliability, the minimum acceptable remuneration from FR yearly auctions decreases by 13%; at the same time, self-dispatching of energy through BM calls reduces the need to purchase energy on day-ahead market and keeps BESS state-of-charge far from saturation regions, thus also increasing its lifetime.

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Stacked revenue and technical benefits of a grid-connected energy storage system

Cited by 13 publications

References 11 publications

A comprehensive state‐of‐the‐art review of power conditioning systems for energy storage systems: Topology and control applications in power systems

A comprehensive state‐of‐the‐art review of power conditioning systems for energy storage systems: Topology and control applications in power systems

An Integrated Energy Management Approach for the Economic Operation of Industrial Microgrids Under Uncertainty of Renewable Energy

Revenue Stacking for BESS: Fast Frequency Regulation and Balancing Market Participation in Italy

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