Stabilized Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron Mediated Cadmium Accumulation and Oxidative Damage of Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich Cultivated in Cadmium Contaminated Sediments

Abstract

Nanoparticles can be absorbed by plants, but their impacts on phytoremediation are not yet well understood. This study was carried out to determine the impacts of starch stabilized nanoscale zerovalent iron (S-nZVI) on the cadmium (Cd) accumulation and the oxidative stress in Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich (ramie). Plants were cultivated in Cd-contaminated sediments amended with S-nZVI at 100, 500, and 1000 mg/kg, respectively. Results showed that S-nZVI promoted Cd accumulation in ramie seedlings. The subcellular distribution result showed that Cd content in cell wall of plants reduced, and its concentration in cell organelle and soluble fractions increased at S-nZVI treatments, indicating the promotion of Cd entering plant cells by S-nZVI. In addition, the 100 mg/kg S-nZVI alleviated the oxidative damage to ramie under Cd-stress, while 500 and 1000 mg/kg S-nZVI inhibited plant growth and aggravated the oxidative damage to plants. These findings demonstrate that nanoparticles at low concentration can improve the efficiency of phytoremediation. This study herein develops a promising novel technique by the combined use of nanotechnology and phytoremediation in the remediation of heavy metal contaminated sites.

Impact of biochar-supported zerovalent iron nanocomposite on the anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge

“…Finally, Fe contained in the nZVI-BC composite is known as essential micronutrients for enzyme immobilization as well as supporting metabolisms during AD process (Choong et al 2016 ). The presence of biochar was efficient in decreasing the aggregation of nZVI particles so that its activity was relatively higher compared with the bare nZVI (Gong et al 2017 ). However, the methanogenesis inhibition through the sludge anaerobic digestion process is attributed to the disruption of cell membrane that massive dosage of nZVI particles caused (Yang et al 2013 ).…”

Modified magnetic nanoparticles by PEG-400-immobilized Ag nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄@PEG–Ag) as a core/shell nanocomposite and evaluation of its antimicrobial activity

“…Among noble metals, silver has gained more interest due to its specific optical properties and diverted antimicrobial activities; however, it poses no drug tolerance. [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] Antimicrobial function of silver is effective in a way that it is safe for animal cells but very toxic for microorganisms (from fungi to viruses), eg, HIV, E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Nanosilver particles have high surface-to-volume ratio, small size and high dispersion potency, which facilitate their interactions with microbial surfaces.…”

Critical Review on Biochar‐Supported Catalysts for Pollutant Degradation and Sustainable Biorefinery

“…[28,71] Nevertheless, because of its strong magnetic interaction as well as high surface energy, nZVI leans to aggregate and forms microscale particles, leading to diminishing reactivity. [51,104] Due to large surface area, porous nature, and cost-effectiveness, BC has been considered as a catalyst support to stabilize nZVI, [105] which enhances the catalytic performance of nZVI. [51] For example, BC derived from rice hull (RHBC) at 350 °C was applied for activation of H 2 O 2 via nZVI/BC composite by Yan et al [24] The OCFG of BC and the Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ redox action of nZVI make this composite a virtuous catalyst for activation of H 2 O 2 .…”