Stability and electrical conductivity of water-base Al₂O₃ nanofluids for different applications

Effect of operating parameters on the transient behavior of gravity-assisted heat-pipe using radio-chemically prepared Al 2 O 3 nano-fluid

“…Increasing the heat loads causes a sharp reduction in the thermal 39 resistance and in the time constants, which leads to better performance of the heat pipe. The evaporator 40 and condenser heat transfer coefficients are thus found to increase with increasing power, so that at 41 500 W heat load the obtained evaporator heat transfer coefficient at steady state is approximately 42 100 W/m 2°C , while doubling the heat load causes h e to increase to as much as 1100 W/m 2°C ; i.e. more 43 than 10 times the value attained with half that load.…”

“…2d indicates the varia- [41]. While two types of nano-fluids; Cu-water and Ag-water were 792 investigated the heat transfer rate was found to be more influenced 793 by the volume fraction rather than by the type of nano-particles 794 [41]. 795 To estimate the average condenser h c , the Reynolds number is [14].…”

Stability analysis of Al2O3/water nanofluids

“…Surfactant addition is the very effective technique to enhance the stability of nanofluids. Zawrah et al [7] employed sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate surfactant to increase the stability of Al 2 O 3 /distilled water (DW) nanofluids. Stabilised nanofluids were observed by the authors from the zeta potential measurements.…”

Evaluation on Thermo-Electrical Characteristics of Sio2 Nanofluids for Fuel Cell Cooling Application in Automobiles

“…The maximum values observed for EG, G, and EG/G at 2.0% volume fraction were 22.2 μScm -1 , 0.58 μScm -1 , and 5.94 μScm -1 , respectively. The main cause for electrical conductivity increase can be attributed to the net charge effect of the suspended particle and the consequent EDL interactions in the nanofluid [14]. Figure 3 compares electrical conductivity ratio of SiO 2 -EG and SiO 2 -EG/G nanofluids at different volume fractions.…”