Sprouting Induction for Micro-Cutting on in Vitro Cloned Arabica Coffee Plants

Abstract

<p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 200%;" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Vegetative propagation of arabica coffee plants selected by their agronomic value has been accomplished, routinely, for scientific purposes, through somatic embryogenesis and rooting of stem cuttings, in Brazil. Somatic embryogenesis is the election method when a very high number of cloned plants is demanded. Nevertheless, the costs of </span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><em>in vitro</em></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> multiplication make difficult to explore it commercially. The experiments described herein aimed to amplify the number of </span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><em>in </em></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span lang="en-GB"><em>vitro</em></span></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> cloned plants</span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><em>,</em></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> post acclimatization, to reduce costs. Different concentrations of an auxin translocation inhibitor and its association with a cytokinin were applied, as successive pulses, in the 3</span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><sup><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">rd</span></span></sup></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">, 8</span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><sup><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">th</span></span></sup></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> and 13</span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><sup><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">th</span></span></sup></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> months after transference to the greenhouse, on the same sets of Catucaí and Siriema </span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><em>in vitro</em></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> cloned plants,</span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">to induce sprouting.</span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> At the 8</span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><sup><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">th </span></span></sup></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">month, the experiments with </span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><em>in vitro</em></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> cloned Catucaí plants were reproduced in the nursery, for comparison. Best results were observed for the association 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) 1000 + benzylaminopurine 60 mg.mL</span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><sup><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">-1</span></span></sup></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> applied in the greenhouse, at the 13</span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><sup><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">th</span></span></sup></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> month, when 8.5 and 7.0 micro-cuttings above 1 cm in length were produced using sprouts taken from each Catucaí and Siriema acclimatized plant, respectively. Applying this treatment twice a year, and harvesting induced sprouts each six months after the induction treatments, approximately 15 plants per each acclimatized one can be produced. The most important effect of TIBA was the induction of sub-apical sprouting. Greenhouse would be the best environment to apply successive pulses of sprouting inducers to coffee </span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><em>in vitro </em></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">cloned plants.</span></span></span></p><p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 200%;" align="JUSTIFY"> </p>

EFEITO DA FERMENTAÇÃO SOBRE QUALIDADE DA BEBIDA DO CAFÉ ROBUSTA (Coffea canephora) CULTIVADO NA AMAZÔNIA OCIDENTAL.

“…O termo fermentação positiva por Maceração Semicarbônica ou "Sprouting Process" é utilizado para descrever o método de fermentação onde existe a presença de oxigênio no início do processo, que vai sendo eliminado na medida em que o CO2 é produzido, finalizando em uma fermentação anaeróbica (ANGELO et al, 2018). Os tratamentos utilizados estão descritos a seguir:…”