<p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Fusi protoplas merupakan salah satu alternatif yang dapat dilakukanuntuk meningkatkan keragaman genetik pada tanaman nilam. Pendugaanparameter genetik nilam hasil fusi protoplas nilam Jawa (Girilaya) dengannilam Aceh (Sidikalang dan TT 75) adalah penting dalam programpemuliaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keragaman genetik,heritabilitas, korelasi fenotipik dan genotipik beberapa karakter kuantitatifhibrida somatik nilam hasil fusi protoplas. Penelitian dilakukan di KP.Cimanggu Balittro dari bulan Juli-Desember 2004. Rancangan percobaanyang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok dengan 33 genotipeyang terdiri dari 3 tetua dan 30 klon hibrida somatik sebagai perlakuan dandiulang dua kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah cabangprimer, jumlah daun per cabang primer dan tebal daun mempunyaikeragaman genetik yang sempit, sedangkan tinggi tanaman, panjangcabang primer, jumlah dan panjang cabang sekunder, panjang dan lebardaun, panjang tangkai daun, produksi terna basah dan kering keragamangenetiknya luas. Heritabilitas tinggi tanaman, panjang cabang primer,panjang cabang sekunder, panjang dan lebar daun, panjang tangkai daun,produksi terna basah dan kering bernilai tinggi. Sedangkan karakter jumlahcabang primer, jumlah cabang sekunder, jumlah daun per cabang primerdan tebal daun bernilai heritabilitas rendah sampai sedang. Sebagian besarkarakter yang diamati memiliki keragaman genetik luas dan heritabilitastinggi, kecuali jumlah cabang primer, jumlah daun per cabang primer dantebal daun. Korelasi fenotipik dan genotipik positif dan nyata terhadapproduksi terna kering ditunjukkan oleh karakter tinggi tanaman, jumlahcabang primer, panjang cabang sekunder, panjang dan lebar daun, panjangtangkai daun serta produksi terna basah.</p><p>Kata kunci: Pogostemon sp., fusi protoplas, parameter genetik</p><p>ABSTRACTGenetic variability, heritability, and correlation among quantitativecharacters of patchouli (Pogostemon sp.) derived from protoplastfussionProtoplast fussion is one of the alternatives for increasing geneticvariability of patchouli. Study to estimate genetic parameters of somatichybrids of Pogostemon heyneaneus (cv. Girilaya) x P. cablin (cv.Sidikalang and TT 75) is important in breeding program. Study on geneticvariability, heritability, phenotypic and genetic correlation for somequantitative characters of somatic hybrids of patchouli derived fromprotoplast fussion was conducted in Cimanggu Experimental Garden fromJuly to December 2004. The experiment was arranged in a randomizedcomplete block design with two replications using 33 genotypes consistingof three parents and 30 somatic hybrids as treatments. Results of thisexperiment showed that number of primary branches, number of leaves onprimary branches, and thickness of leaves indicated narrow geneticvariability, while plant height, length of primary branches, number andlength of secondary branches, length and width of leaves, leaf petiolelength, fresh and dry leaves production indicated wide genetic variability.Plant height, length of primary branches, number and length of secondarybranches, length and width of leaves, leaf petioles length, fresh and dryleaves production showed high heritability values. Meanwhile, thecharacters of number of primary and secondary branches, number ofleaves on primary branches and thick of leaves showed moderate to lowheritability values. Most characters observed showed wide geneticvariability and high heritability, except for number of primary branches,number of leaves on primary branches, and thick of leaf. Phenotypic andgenotypic correlations between plant height, number of primary branches,length of secondary branches, length and width of leaves, leaf petiolelength and fresh leaves production with dry leaves production werepositive and significant.</p><p>Key words: Pogostemon sp., protoplast fussion, genetic parameters</p>
<p>Skrining fitokimia dimaksudkan untuk melakukan evaluasi pendahuluan tentang kandungan kimia pada teh (Camellia sinensis). Selain itu, teh mengandung katekin yang dapat digunakan sebagai petunjuk kualitas dari daun teh. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui kandungan senyawa aktif dan kadar katekin pada teh. Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai bulan April sampai dengan Juni 2012 di laboratorium Pengujian Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat, Bogor. Skrining fitokimia pucuk peko dengan dua daun (p+2) dilakukan berdasarkan prosedur dari Materia Medika Indonesia (MMI), sedangkan analisis katekin dengan menggunakan metode SNI gambir. Penelitian disusun berdasarkan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL), enam perlakuan dengan empat ulangan. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah enam genotipe teh (Tbs 1, Tbs 2, Hibrid, Cin 143, Rb 3, dan Kiara 8). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan keenam genotipe yang diuji mengandung senyawa alkaloid, saponin, tanin, fenolik, flavanoid, steroid, dan glikosida. Genotipe Tbs 1, Hibrid, dan Kiara 8 positif mengandung senyawa triterpenoid, sedangkan Tbs 2, Rb 3, dan Cin 143 negatif. Genotipe Tbs 1 dan Tbs 2 memiliki kandungan katekin paling tinggi (kecuali bagian ruas+tangkai daun) dibandingkan dengan empat genotipe lainnya. Pucuk peko, daun pertama, dan daun kedua pada genotipe Tbs 1 memiliki kadar katekin masing-masing 17,92%, 11,73%, dan 14,67%, sedangkan pada genotipe Tbs 2 masing-masing 18,22%, 13,48%, dan 15,81%. Kadar katekin terendah dihasilkan oleh bagian ruas+tangkai daun pada genotipe Rb 3 (1,78%). Pucuk peko menghasilkan kandungan katekin bervariasi antara 8,36%-18,22%, lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan daun pertama, daun kedua, dan bagian ruas + tangkai daun.</p><p>Kata kunci: Camellia sinensis, fitokimia, genotipe, katekin, pucuk peko</p><p>Phytochemical screening was intended for a preliminary evaluation of the chemical constituents of the tea (Camellia sinensis). In addition, tea also contains catechin that can be used as an indication of the quality of tea leaves. The objectives of this study were to determine the content of the active compounds and catechin in tea. The research was conducted from April to June 2012 in the Laboratory of the Research Institute for Spices and Medicinal Crops, Bogor. The phytochemical screening was performed based on the procedure of Materia Medika Indonesia (MMI), while the catechin analysis used the method of SNI gambir. The study was carried out in completely randomized design with six treatments and four replications. The treatments used are six tea genotypes namely Tbs 1, Tbs 2, Hibrid, Cin 143, Rb 3, and Kiara 8. The results showed that the six tea genotypes tested contained the compounds of alkaloid, saponin, tannin, phenolic, flavanoid, steroid, and glycoside. Positively triterpenoid compounds present in the genotype of Tbs1, Hybrids, and Kiara 8, and negative in Tbs 2, Rb 3, and Cin 143. The genotypes of Tbs 1 and Tbs 2 produced the highest catechin content compared to the other genotypes. Catechin content was lowest in the part of internodes+leaf stalk of Rb 3 (1.78%). Pecco shoots produce catechin content of about 8.36%-18.22%, higher than the first leaf, second leaf, and the parts of internodes+leaf stalk.</p>
<p><em>Tea (</em>Camellia sinensis<em> (L.) O. Kuntze) is a cross-pollinated plant that has self-incompatible character. Assembly of superior clones through artificial pollination requires information of genetic relationships between accessions as a reference for parental lines selection. The study was aimed to determine the genetic diversity and relationships of 49 tea clones based on leaf morphology and yield components. The research was conducted at Pasir Sarongge experimental garden, Cianjur, West Java, from April to November 2015. The observed morphological characters were leaf length and width, leaf area, leaf angle, number of vein leaf, and internode between first and second leaves. Meanwhile, yield components were pecco number, pecco weight (p+3), banji bud number, banji bud weigth (b+1), and yield. The data were then used for descriptive analysis and grouping using UPGMA method based on dissimilarity matrix by XL-STAT software version 2009. The research showed that 49 clones observed here have variability on yield, leaf area, number of banji bud, and pecco number with coefficient of diversity 27.77%–51.83%. On the other hand, result of cluster analysis divided tea clones into four groups. The first group consisted of 34 clones with morphological characteristics similar to sinensis type (narrow leaves and low productivity). Group II comprised 12 clones with morphological characteristics (wide leaf) and productivity (high) similar to assamica type. Group III and IV, each contained one clone, and have similarity to assamica. The most far genetic relationships was found between group I and II (55.59%), while the closest one observed between group III and IV (5.76%).</em></p>
ABSTRAKPenyakit karat daun yang disebabkan oleh Hemileia vastatrix merupakan penyakit yang sangat merugikan pada tanaman kopi karena dapat mematikan tanaman. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui ketahanan pohon induk kopi Liberika Meranti terhadap penyakit karat daun kopi (H. vastatrix) yang akan digunakan sebagai varietas unggul komposit. Kegiatan penelitian telah dilakukan di Desa Kedabu Rapat, Kecamatan Rangsang Pesisir, Kabupaten Kepulauan Meranti pada tahun 2013 dan 2014. Observasi dilakukan di kebun petani dengan luas 170 ha, terhadap pohon induk kopi Liberika yang telah diseleksi sebelumnya. Ketahanan terhadap H. vastatrix diamati dengan melihat gejala serangan pada daun di setiap pohon. Parameter yang diamati adalah gejala serangan dan indeks intensitas penyakit (IIP). IIP mengacu pada skor tanaman terserang, yaitu 0 = kebal, 1%-29% = tahan, 30%-49% = agak tahan, 50%-69% = agak rentan, dan 70%-100% = rentan. Hasil observasi dari 106 pohon induk kopi Liberika Meranti terhadap H. vastatrix diperoleh 90 pohon (84,90%) tahan, 14 pohon (13,1%) agak tahan, dan 1 pohon (0,9%) agak rentan. Ketahanan kopi tersebut cukup stabil selama 2 tahun pengamatan.Kata kunci: Kopi Liberika, Hemileia vastatrix, karat daun, ketahanan Village, Rangsang Pesisir Sub-district, Kepulauan Meranti in 2013 and 2014. Observations ABSTRACT Leaf rust disease caused by Hemileia vastatrix is considered as the most devastating disease in coffee plants due to it can kill the plants. The objective of this research was to determine the resistance of Liberica coffee derived from Kepulauan Meranti against leaf rust disease (H. vastatrix) that will be used as a composite variety. The research was conducted in Kedabu Rapat
ABSTRAKInformasi keragaman genetik dan ketersediaan plasma nutfah teh (Camellia sinensis) diperlukan dalam perakitan varietas unggul. Keragaman genetik berdasarkan penanda DNA dapat memberikan hasil yang lebih konsisten karena tidak dipengaruhi lingkungan. Dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 9 genotipe teh dianalisis keragamannya menggunakan enam penanda RAPD (OPA 03, OPA 05, OPB 04, OPB 06, OPC 06, dan OPD 08). Penelitian dilakukan mulai bulan Maret sampai Mei 2013 di Laboratorium Terpadu Biotrop Bogor. Perhitungan koefisien kesamaan genetik dan analisis gerombol dilakukan dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak NTSYSpc versi 2.02. Sebanyak 54 lokus penanda RAPD berhasil diamplifikasi menggunakan enam primer dan 47 lokus di antaranya memiliki alel yang polimorfik (87,04%). Hasil analisis gerombol berdasarkan kesamaan genetiknya mengelompokkan 9 genotipe ke dalam enam kelompok. Empat kelompok (I, II, IV, V) masing-masing terdiri atas satu genotipe, sementara dua kelompok yang lain yaitu kelompok III dan VI masing-masing beranggotakan tiga dan dua genotipe.Kata Kunci: Camellia sinensis, diversitas genetik, penanda RAPD (OPA 03, OPA 05, OPB 04, OPB 06, OPC 06, and OPD 08 ABSTRACT The availability of diverse tea (Camellia sinensis) germplasms as well as the information about their genetic diversity is required for plant breeding program. Genetic diversity analysis based on DNA marker is known to be more effective since the markers provide more consistent results. In this study, nine tea genotypes were evaluated for their genetic diversity using six Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.