Spray-drying of Dunaliella salina to produce a ? -carotene rich powder

Leach, Gareth; Oliveira, Gisela; Morais, Rui

doi:10.1038/sj.jim.2900485

Cited by 81 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…81 It is nevertheless also of low efficiency. More efficient but more costly drying technologies having been investigated for drying microalgae include drum drying, 81 spray drying, 82,83 fluidized bed drying, 83 freeze drying, 80 and refractance window dehydration technology. 84 It is important to find the balance between the drying efficiency and cost-effectiveness to maximize the net energy output of the fuels from microalgae strategy.…”

Section: Design Of Advanced Photobioreactorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofuels from Microalgae

Horsman

et al. 2008

Biotechnology Progress

942

397

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Microalgae are a diverse group of prokaryotic and eukaryotic photosynthetic microorganisms that grow rapidly due to their simple structure. They can potentially be employed for the production of biofuels in an economically effective and environmentally sustainable manner. Microalgae have been investigated for the production of a number of different biofuels including biodiesel, bio-oil, bio-syngas, and bio-hydrogen. The production of these biofuels can be coupled with flue gas CO 2 mitigation, wastewater treatment, and the production of high-value chemicals. Microalgal farming can also be carried out with seawater using marine microalgal species as the producers. Developments in microalgal cultivation and downstream processing (e.g., harvesting, drying, and thermochemical processing) are expected to further enhance the costeffectiveness of the biofuel from microalgae strategy.

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Section: Design Of Advanced Photobioreactorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofuels from Microalgae

Horsman

et al. 2008

Biotechnology Progress

942

397

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show abstract

“…Low-pressure shelf drying is another low-cost drying technology that has been investigated which, nevertheless, is considered to be a low efficiency method (Prakash et al 1997). More efficient but costly drying technologies investigated for drying microalgae include drum drying, spray drying, fluidized bed drying, freeze drying, and refractance window dehydration technology (Millamena et al 1990;Prakash et al 1997;Leach et al 1998;Desmorieux and Decaen 2006;Nindo and Tang 2007). It is therefore, important to find a balance between harvesting and drying efficiency with the cost effectiveness to maximize the net energy output of the fuels from microalgae.…”

Section: Donia and Hamann 2003mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microalgae as second generation biofuel. A review

Singh¹,

Dhar²

2011

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

152

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Microalgae are autotrophic microorganisms having extremely high photosynthetic efficiency and are valued as rich source of lipids, hydrocarbons, and other complex oils for biodiesel besides being an invaluable source of bioethanol, biomethane, and biohydrogen. Biodiesel produced from oilseed crops such as jatropha and soy have lower yields per unit land area and threaten food security. Indeed, microalgae have higher oil yields amounting to about 40 times more oil per unit area of land in comparison to terrestrial oilseed crops such as soy and canola. Further, microalgae production does not require arable land for cultivation. Biofuel is regarded as a proven clean energy source and several entrepreneurs are attempting to commercialize this renewable source. Technology for producing and using biofuel has been known for several years and is frequently modified and upgraded. In view of this, a review is presented on microalgae as second generation biofuel. Microalgal farming for biomass production is the biggest challenge and opportunity for the biofuel industry. These are considered to be more efficient in converting solar energy into chemical energy and are amongst the most efficient photosynthetic plants on earth. Microalgae have simple cellular structure, a lipid-rich composition, and a rapid rate of reproduction. Many microalgal strains can be grown in saltwater and other harsh conditions. Some autotrophic microalgae can also be converted to heterotrophic ones to accumulate high quality oils using organic carbon. However, there are several technical challenges that need to be addressed to make microalgal biofuel profitable. The efficiency of microalgal biomass production is highly influenced by environmental conditions, e.g., light of proper intensity and wavelength, temperature, CO 2 concentration, nutrient composition, salinities and mixing conditions, and by the choice of cultivation systems: open versus closed pond systems, photobioreactors. Currently, microalgae for commercial purpose are grown mostly in open circular/elongated "raceway" ponds which generally have low yields and high production costs. However, a hybrid system combining closed photobioreactor and open pond is a better option. The biggest hurdle in commercialization of microalgal biofuel is the high cost and energy requirement for the microalgal biomass production, particularly agitation, harvesting, and drying of biomass. In order to conserve energy and reduce costs, algae are often harvested in a two-step process involving flocculation followed by centrifugation, filtration, or micro-straining to get a solid concentration. However, the major bottlenecks in algal biodiesel production within the cell can be identified and handled by adopting a system approach involving transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. Research and developments in the field of new materials and advanced designs for cultivation in closed bioreactors, use of waste water for biomass production, screening of efficient strains, high-value coproduct strategy,...

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“…In addition, it should be noted that the algicidal rate on N. oculata was always higher than that on D. salinaas shown in Figure 1, which can probably be explained by their differences in cell motility. N. oculata is non-motile while D. salina is motile [13] [14]. A static cell may be easier for an algicidal bacterium to attack [2] [15].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Lysis of Microalgal Cells

Wang¹,

Yuan²

2014

JSBS

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This short communication reports a pioneering research of using bacteria for simultaneous algal cell disruption and cell wall/membrane utilization. Microalgae are regarded as one of the most promising feedstock that can potentially address the twin challenges of energy security and environmental protection due to their fast growth rate, high lipid content and CO 2 biofixation capabilities. However, different from their terrestrial oil crops, the extracellular coverings of algae vary significantly, ranging from multiple layers of elaborate scales to highly mineralized coats to complex cell walls consisting of structural fibrils enmeshed in complex matrices. These strong cellular walls and membranes are resistant to disintegration, which makes lipid extraction from microalgae difficult. A bacteria-assisted algal cell disruption and lipid extraction method was studied here. The bacteria Sagittula stellata showed strong algicidal activity against two microalgae, Nannochloropsis oculata and Dunaliella salina. The algicidal rate reached 64.7% on N. oculata and 52.4% on D. salina in six days. A decrease in chlorophyll-a fluorescence density of both algae and bacteria addition was also observed. After 6-day treatment by S. stellata, hexane-extracted crude lipid contents increased from 32.9% to 45.7% and from 19.6% to 36.4% for N. oculata and D. salina, respectively, when compared with no bacterial addition. The preliminary results concluded that S. stellata was effective in the lysis of microalgal cells for effective lipid recovery.

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Spray-drying of Dunaliella salina to produce a ? -carotene rich powder

Cited by 81 publications

References 5 publications

Biofuels from Microalgae

Biofuels from Microalgae

Microalgae as second generation biofuel. A review

Bacterial Lysis of Microalgal Cells

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