Spotted hyena optimizer algorithm for capacitor allocation in radial distribution system with distributed generation and microgrid operation considering different load types

Abstract

In this paper, the optimal allocation of constant and switchable capacitors is presented simultaneously in two operation modes, grid-connected and islanded, for a microgrid. Different load levels are considered by employing non-dispatchable distributed generations. The objective function includes minimising the energy losses cost, the cost of peak power losses, and the cost of the capacitor. The optimization problem is solved using the spotted hyena optimizer (SHO) algorithm to determine the optimal size and location of capacitors, considering different loading levels and the two operation modes. In this study, a three-level load and various types of loads, including constant power, constant current, and constant impedance are considered. The proposed method is implemented on a 24-bus radial distribution network. To evaluate the performance of the SHO, the results are compared with GWO and the genetic algorithm (GA). The simulation results demonstrate the superior performance of the SHO in reducing the cost of losses and improving the voltage profile during injection and non-injection of reactive power by distributed generations in two operation modes. The total cost and net saving values for DGs only with the capability of active power injection is achieved 105,780 $ and 100,560.54 $, respectively and for DGs with the capability of active and reactive power injection is obtained 89,568 $ and 76,850.46 $, respectively using the SHO. The proposed method has achieved more annual net savings due to the lower cost of losses than other optimization methods.

Optimal allocation of distributed generation and capacitor banks using probabilistic generation models with correlations

“…There was an improvement of the results in the different conflicting objectives. In [30], allocation of CBs was presented for a microgrid with DG and different load levels. The objective function included minimizing the cost of energy losses, peak power losses and the cost of the capacitors.…”

“…In this work, the costs related to the installation and maintenance of the DG and CB units are considered, in addition to respecting the maximum voltage limits on the bars as stipulated by the regulatory agency. For each hourly interval, the insertion of DG and CB must meet the restriction of the balance of active and reactive power in the EPS bars, according to ( 29) and (30), respectively:…”

Optimal Placement and Sizing of Distributed Generation Using Metaheuristic Algorithm

“…The current section reviews the recently-presented techniques for optimum placement and sizing of DGs to mitigate the losses and enhance the voltage profiles. In Naderipour et al [9], several kinds of loads including constant current, impedance, and power are deliberated. The study resolved these with the help of Spotted Hyena Optimizer (SHO) model to determine an optimal location and capacitor size, assume distinct loading levels and two operation modes.…”

Virtual Inertia Control Methods in Islanded Microgrids

“…The considered microgrid was adopted from several recent publications [16,[33][34][35][36][37] and is depicted in Figure 2. The addressed scenario includes simplified residential/industrial loads, energy sources (thermal power plant, wind farm, and solar power plant), and energy storage systems [11,38,39]. The thermal power plant is composed of a governor with a generator rate constraint (GRC) and a turbine with a frequency rate limiter, which restricts the valve opening/closing (V U and V L , respectively).…”