Sporotrichosis in Animals: Zoonotic Transmission

Pereira, Sandro Antônio; Gremião, Isabella Dib Ferreira; Menezes, Rodrigo Caldas

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-11912-0_6

Cited by 27 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…In feline sporotrichosis, multiple ulcerated skin lesions are the most frequent clinical presentation [ 18 ]. The evaluation of ulcerated cutaneous lesions before the beginning of treatment showed that cats with more disseminated lesions (group L3) presented higher fungal burdens, as previously described [ 7 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is important to note that treatment of feline sporotrichosis remains a challenge and reports of therapeutic failure and recrudescence are common, even when established protocols with ITZ—the drug of choice—are used [ 17 , 18 ]. Within this context, the combination of potassium iodide (KI) capsules with ITZ for the treatment of feline sporotrichosis has shown high cure rate and has emerged as an effective treatment option [ 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monitoring Fungal Burden and Viability of Sporothrix spp. in Skin Lesions of Cats for Predicting Antifungal Treatment Response

Miranda

Silva

Gremião

et al. 2018

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Skin lesions in feline sporotrichosis usually present a high fungal burden, making cats an important source of infection. This study evaluated the fungal burden and isolation in skin lesions of feline sporotrichosis during treatment with itraconazole (ITZ), combined with or without potassium iodide (KI). Treatment-naïve cats with culture-confirmed sporotrichosis and presenting skin ulcers were treated for up to 40 weeks with oral ITZ alone (n = 74) or combined with KI (n = 56). These cats were submitted to monthly sampling of the same lesion for mycological culture and cytopathology until healing of lesion or up to twelve weeks. The fungal burden was expressed as the mean yeast cell count in three microscopic fields from imprint smears. The fungal burden before treatment was significantly higher in cats in which the lesion persisted and in cases of treatment failure when using ITZ alone. After twelve weeks, the median fungal burden decreased to zero in both treatment protocols, suggesting a potential decrease in the risk of transmission of Sporothrix spp. from cats. These findings encourage the early treatment of feline sporotrichosis as a control measure. Moreover, the fungal burden in feline sporotrichosis lesions can be a prognostic indicator and a parameter for choosing appropriate therapeutic regimen.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring Fungal Burden and Viability of Sporothrix spp. in Skin Lesions of Cats for Predicting Antifungal Treatment Response

Miranda

Silva

Gremião

et al. 2018

JoF

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“…The most common clinical manifestations include multiple ulcerated skin lesions associated with enlarged lymph nodes and the presence of respiratory signs (mainly sneeze) [ 81 , 89 ]. The incubation period is similar to that described for human infections, with onset typically occurring within three to 30 days after exposure, though it may extend for months [ 89 , 90 ]. The skin lesions are characterized by nodules and ulcers found in different anatomical sites, commonly on the head (especially in the nasal region) and limbs [ 78 , 85 ].…”

Section: Feline Sporotrichosismentioning

confidence: 99%

A One Health Approach to Combatting Sporothrix brasiliensis: Narrative Review of an Emerging Zoonotic Fungal Pathogen in South America

Rossow

Queiroz‐Telles

Cáceres

et al. 2020

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Cat-transmitted sporotrichosis caused by Sporothrix brasiliensis has become a major public health concern and presents a distinct divergence from the traditional epidemiology of sporotrichosis. This emerging fungal pathogen spreads readily among cat populations, and human infections occur exclusively via zoonotic transmission. While sporotrichosis is an implantation mycosis that typically manifests as cutaneous lesions in humans and cats, severe extracutaneous manifestations are more common with S. brasiliensis than other Sporothrix species infections. Rapid diagnosis and appropriate treatment regimens are critical for successful clinical resolution of sporotrichosis in both cats and humans. Species-level identification of Sporothrix is possible with molecular diagnostics and necessary for tracking the geographic expansion of S. brasiliensis and better understanding its epidemiology. Combatting cat-transmitted sporotrichosis requires a One Health approach to successfully implement public health control measures.

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“…Sporotrichosis is a subcutaneous mycosis caused by pathogenic species of the genus Sporothrix that affects humans and animal species, mainly cats [1,2]. Canine sporotrichosis is an uncommon disease, and current knowledge is derived from a few case reports and case series [3]. Some canine cases have been documented in Italy [4], the USA [5], and Brazil [6][7][8], which has the highest number of reports at Rio de Janeiro since the late 1990s [9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canine sporotrichosis: polyphasic taxonomy and antifungal susceptibility profiles of Sporothrix species in an endemic area in Brazil

et al. 2020

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Sporotrichosis, a mycosis caused by pathogenic species of the genus Sporothrix, affects diverse species of mammals. Until 2007, Sporothrix schenckii was considered the unique etiologic agent of sporotrichosis. Canine sporotrichosis is a poorly reported disease, and the majority of cases are from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. There are scarce studies on the characterization of canine isolates of Sporothrix schenckii complex, as well as few antifungal susceptibility data available. The aim of this study was to characterize the clinical isolates of Sporothrix from dogs from Brazil at species level and evaluate their antifungal susceptibility profile. Polyphasic taxonomy was used to characterization at species level (morphological, phenotypical characteristics, and molecular identification). Antifungal susceptibility profiles (amphotericin B, itraconazole, ketoconazole, posaconazole, and terbinafine) were determined using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute broth microdilution method (M38-A2). According to phenotypic identification and molecular analysis, 46 isolates included in this study were identified as S. brasiliensis and one as S. schenckii. Amphotericin B presented the highest minimum inhibitory concentration values, and the other drugs showed effective in vitro antifungal activity. This is the first report of S. schenckii in dogs from Brazil, since S. brasiliensis is the only species that has been described in canine isolates from Rio de Janeiro to date. Nevertheless, no differences were observed in the antifungal susceptibility profiles between the S. brasiliensis and S. schenckii isolates, and it is important to continuously study new canine clinical isolates from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

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Sporotrichosis in Animals: Zoonotic Transmission

Cited by 27 publications

References 56 publications

Monitoring Fungal Burden and Viability of Sporothrix spp. in Skin Lesions of Cats for Predicting Antifungal Treatment Response

Monitoring Fungal Burden and Viability of Sporothrix spp. in Skin Lesions of Cats for Predicting Antifungal Treatment Response

A One Health Approach to Combatting Sporothrix brasiliensis: Narrative Review of an Emerging Zoonotic Fungal Pathogen in South America

Canine sporotrichosis: polyphasic taxonomy and antifungal susceptibility profiles of Sporothrix species in an endemic area in Brazil

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