Spontaneous internal jugular vein thrombosis and venous-stasis retinopathy.

Abstract

A case is presented in which the detection of venous-stasis retinopathy in one eye led to investigation of the carotid circulation. There were no neurologic symptoms of carotid insufficiency, and noninvasive tests failed to reveal significant carotid pathology. Digital subtraction angiography and carotid angiography demonstrated a carotid plaque of doubtful significance. At carotid endarterectomy, the venous-stasis retinopathy was found to be associated with venous thrombosis distant from the eye and in the internal jugular vein. This site is beyond the range over which isolated ocular vascular effects would be expected and was thought to be unrelated to the hemodynamically insignificant, nonulcerated carotid artery plaque. The possibility of this association being causal is discussed. (Stroke 1987;18:808-811)

Spontaneous Thrombosis of the Internal Jugular Vein: Unknown Origin

“…Gutteridge et al [6] reported a case of spontaneous IJVT who had a history of previous probable internal jugular vein catheterization during an aortic aneurysm operation although not stated clearly. Kennedy et al [5] reported a case of spontaneous IJVT whose erythrocyte sedimentation rate was 80 mm/h and the fibrinogen level 400 mg/dl.…”

“…There are few studies in the literature related to IJVT of unknown origin [5,6]. Gutteridge et al [6] reported a case of spontaneous IJVT who had a history of previous probable internal jugular vein catheterization during an aortic aneurysm operation although not stated clearly.…”

“…The underlying etiologic factors of the IJVT are mainly: trauma to the blood vessel wall during central venous catheterization or intimal injury in intravenous drug abusers, hypercoagulable states such as polycythemia, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, low antithrombin III levels, tumors associated with hypercoagulability and some infectious conditions [2][3][4]. Although many cases of IJVT in association with various etiologic factors have been reported, there are few primary spontaneous IJVT reported in the literature [5,6]. We present a case of spontaneous right IJVT with no predisposing clinical factor.…”

Unilateral internal jugular venous thrombosis in a young trauma patient

“…28 Other complications include distal propagation of thrombus resulting in intracerebral venous sinus thrombosis 2,18,21 and retinopathy resulting in vision loss. 13,21 The only reported case of trauma-related IJV thrombosis occurred in a young assault victim, in whom clinical assessment had revealed anterior neck haematoma and diffuse oedema of the face and scalp. 9 Investigative carotid angiography revealed the presence of bilateral IJV thromboses, subsequently treated successfully using anticoagulation over a 6-week period.…”

Incidental internal jugular vein thrombosis in a patient with intracranial aneurysm: Implications for the anesthesiologists

“…[2] However, it can complicate as septic embolism, pulmonary embolism, elevated intracranial pressure or intracranial venous thrombosis. [34] Sub-arachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) induces a prothrombotic state with moderate risk (10-40%) for developing DVT. [5] Presence of reduced intravascular volume can further increase this risk as occurs in SAH.…”