Spectophotometric method for determination of certain cephalosporins using 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole (NBD-Cl)

Abstract

A simple, accurate and precise spectrophotometric method has been proposed for the determination of eleven cephalosporins, namely; cefaclor monohydrate, cefadroxil monohydrate, cefalexin anhydrous, cefradine anhydrous, cefotaxime sodium, cefoperazone sodium, ceftriaxone sodium, ceftazidime penthydrate, cefazolin sodium, cefixime and cefpodoxime pro- xetil in bulk drug and in pharmaceutical formulations. The method depends on hydrolysis of the studied drugs using 0.5M NaOH at 100°C and subsequent reaction of the formed sulfide ions with NBD-Cl (4-chloro-7-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1, 3-diazole) to form a yellow-colored chromogen measured at 390 nm. Different variables affecting the reaction (e.g. NaOH concentration, hydrolysis time, NBD-Cl concentration and diluting solvent) were studied and optimized. Under the optimum conditions, linear relationships with good correlation coefficients (0.9990- 0.9999) were found in the range of 5-160 μg mL-1 for all studied drugs. The limits of assay detection and quantitiation ranged from 0.289 to 5.867 and from 0.878 to 17.778 μg mL-1; respectively. The accuracy and precision of the proposed method were satisfactory. The method was successfully applied for analysis of the studied drugs in their pharmaceutical formulations and the recovery percentages ranged from 96.6 to 103.5%

Validated Spectrofluorimetric Method For The Determination of Cefoxitin Sodium in Its Pure Form and Powder for Injection via Derivatization with 4-Chloro-7-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole (NBD-Cl)

“…The stoichiometry of the reaction between cefoxitin sodium and NBD-Cl was investigated by the limiting logarithmic method 34 , where, two sets were prepared, one of which containing variable concentration of (NBD-Cl) ranging from (6×10 -3 -3×10 -2 M) while, constant drug concentration containing (3×10 -3 M), the second set contained variable concentration of the drug ranging from(1×10 -4 -1×10 -2 M), while constant concentration of (NBD-Cl) containing (1×10 -3 M), Figure 10, A plot of log FI against log concentration of NBD-Cl and cefoxitin sodium, two straight lines were obtained. The slopes were 0.8245 and 0.9368 indicating the 1:1 ratio for the reaction (owing to the molar reactivity of the reaction is 0.8245/0.9368).…”

“…is a stable non-fluorescent pale-yellow solid 21 . It has been used as derivatizing reagent in devolvement of both spectrophotometric and spectrofluorimetric methods for determination of many amines [21][22][23] , also for β-latam antibiotics [34][35] . The aim of the present work is to develop a spectrofluorimetric methodfor the determination of cefoxitin sodiumvia derivatization with4-chloro-7-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole (NBD-Cl).…”

Application of 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan for the analysis of propafenone and diltiazem hydrochlorides using kinetic spectrophotometric and spectrofluorimetric methods

“…The analysis of different compounds or drugs either in pharmaceuticals or in biological samples was performed after derivatization with NBD-Cl followed by measuring the resulted product by means of spectrophotometry [46][47][48][49], Spectrofluorimetry [50][51][52], HPLC as in determination aliphatic amines [53].…”

Spectrophotometric quantification of direct factor xa inhibitor, rivaroxaban, in raw and tablet dosage form

“…NBD has been used as a fluorogenic or chromogenic reagent in pharmaceutical analysis. The analysis of different compounds/drugs either in pharmaceuticals/biological samples was performed after derivatization with NBD followed by measuring the resulted product by means of spectrophotometry [33][34][35][36][37][38] and spectrofluorimetry [39,40]. Due to electrophilic properties, NBD has also been used in charge transfer reactions.…”