Specificity of pseudorabies virus as a retrograde marker of sympathetic preganglionic neurons: implications for transneuronal labeling studies

Jansen, A.S.P.; Farwell, D. Gregory; Loewy, A.

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(93)90619-x

Cited by 111 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The consistent pattern and kinetic of labeling we observed throughout our experiments is strong evidence for this. Further support for this assumption is provided by the fact that the CNS structures we found labeled are practically the same as those detected by others after injecting the virus into the pancreas [18, 19]or into the adrenal gland [14, 17, 33, 34]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…Recent studies have demonstrated the usefulness of viral transneuronal tracers for the identification of CNS pathways [14, 15, 16, 17]. PRV has provided important insights into the functional organization of a variety of circuits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It should be mentioned here that the advantage of Bartha relative to wild-type strains of PRV is, among others, that the kinetics of transfer are slowed down [5]. The postinoculation time period was 96 h for studies of the innervation of the adrenal gland injecting PRV Bartha into the gland [14, 17, 33, 34]. To identify the CNS cell groups that regulate the parasympathetic and sympathetic outflow systems of the pancreas, Loewy and Haxhiu [18]and Jansen et al [19]injected PRV into the pancreas and after 6 days survival determined the pattern of transneuronal labeling in the CNS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuronal Labeling in the Rat Brain and Spinal Cord from the Ovary Using Viral Transneuronal Tracing Technique

et al. 1998

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In the present investigations the viral transneuronal labeling method, which is able to reveal hierarchial chains of central nervous system (CNS) neurons, was applied to identify sites in the CNS connected with the ovary and presumably involved in the control of ovarian functions. Pseudorabies virus was injected into the ovaries of rats and a few days later (at various times after the injection) the spinal cord and brain were examined for virus-infected neurons from the ovary. The virus-labeled nerve cells were identified by immunocytochemistry using polyclonal antiviral antibody. Virus-labeled neurons were detected both in the spinal cord and the brain. In the spinal cord such elements were observed in the intermediolateral cell column, in the dorsal horn close to the marginal zone and in the central autonomic nucleus. In the medulla oblongata and pons, neurons of several nuclei and cell groups (area postrema, nucleus of the solitary tract, dorsal vagal complex, nucleus ambiguus, paragigantocellular nucleus, parapyramidal nucleus, A1, A5 and A7 cell groups, caudal raphe nuclei, locus ceruleus, subceruleus nucleus, Barrington’s nucleus, Kölliker-Fuse nucleus) were found to be transneuronally labeled. In the mesencephalon, the ventrolateral part of the periaqueductal gray matter contained virus-labeled neurons. In the diencephalon, a very intensive cell body labeling was observed in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus and a few virus-infected neurons could be detected in the lateral and dorsal hypothalamus, in the arcuate nucleus, zona incerta, perifornical area and in the anterior hypothalamus. Concerning the telencephalic structures, virus-labeled cells were found in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and in the central amygdala nucleus. These findings provide the first neuromorphological evidence for the existence of a multisynaptic neuronal pathway between the ovary and the CNS, and give a detailed account of the structures involved in this pathway.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuronal Labeling in the Rat Brain and Spinal Cord from the Ovary Using Viral Transneuronal Tracing Technique

et al. 1998

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“…Substances such as cholera toxin, tetanus toxin and wheat germ agglutinin are known to bind specifically at neuronal membranes and have been used as transneuronal tracers (Cabot et al, 1984;Jansen et al, 1993;Hirakawa et al, 1993). These methods have limitations however, since only small amounts of protein are transported across synapses resulting in an absence of or relatively weak labeling of linked neurons.…”

Section: A Tool For Transneuronal Tracing Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The roles of herpes simplex virus in neuroscience

Turner¹,

Jenkins²

1997

J Neurovirol

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Herpes simplex virus (HSV) has been a focus of research in many laboratories during the last 30 ± 35 years, with the majority centered on the virus' replication, molecular biology and pathogenesis. Recently, HSV has begun to receive considerable attention in the field of neuroscience, where scientists have begun to use the virus as a tool or model for several areas of investigation. These areas include the construction and development of HSV-based vectors for gene therapy and the use of HSV as a neuronal tracer, as a model for demyelinating disease and to study interactions between the nervous, immune and endocrine systems. The goal of this paper is to review these different roles for HSV in the broad field of neuroscience.

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“…93 The PRV is a neurotropic virus that is able to infect neurons trans-synaptically, thus providing the ability to trace a neural network in a retrograde fashion when injected into a specific tissue. 94,95 In Siberian hamsters (a species that displays seasonal changes in appetite and adipose mass in response to alterations in photoperiod) and rats, they found that areas of the brain stem, midbrain, and hypothalamus were connected to the WAT and BAT, with the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and medial preoptic area (MPA) in the hypothalamus showing greatest concentration of the virus in connection to the WAT and BAT. 92,93 They also showed that the WAT is not innervated by any parasympathetic pathways in Siberian hamsters, rats, or mice, an idea that has been contested.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in the understanding of how neuropeptide Y andα-melanocyte stimulating hormone function in adipose physiology

2016

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Communication between the brain and the adipose tissue has been the focus of many studies in recent years, with the "brain-fat axis" identified as a system that orchestrates the assimilation and usage of energy to maintain body mass and adequate fat stores. It is now well-known that appetiteregulating peptides that were studied as neurotransmitters in the central nervous system can act both on the hypothalamus to regulate feeding behavior and also on the adipose tissue to modulate the storage of energy. Energy balance is thus partly controlled by factors that can alter both energy intake and storage/expenditure. Two such factors involved in these processes are neuropeptide Y (NPY) and a-melanocyte stimulating hormone (a-MSH). NPY, an orexigenic factor, is associated with promoting adipogenesis in both mammals and chickens, while a-MSH, an anorexigenic factor, stimulates lipolysis in rodents. There is also evidence of interaction between the 2 peptides. This review aims to summarize recent advances in the study of NPY and a-MSH regarding their role in adipose tissue physiology, with an emphasis on the cellular and molecular mechanisms. A greater understanding of the brain-fat axis and regulation of adiposity by bioactive peptides may provide insights on strategies to prevent or treat obesity and also enhance nutrient utilization efficiency in agriculturally-important species.

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Specificity of pseudorabies virus as a retrograde marker of sympathetic preganglionic neurons: implications for transneuronal labeling studies

Cited by 111 publications

References 25 publications

Neuronal Labeling in the Rat Brain and Spinal Cord from the Ovary Using Viral Transneuronal Tracing Technique

Neuronal Labeling in the Rat Brain and Spinal Cord from the Ovary Using Viral Transneuronal Tracing Technique

The roles of herpes simplex virus in neuroscience

Recent advances in the understanding of how neuropeptide Y andα-melanocyte stimulating hormone function in adipose physiology

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