Specific Absorption Rate and Current Densities in the Human Eye and Head Induced by the Telemetry Link of an Epiretinal Prosthesis

Feasibility Study of 4G Cellular Antennas for Eyewear Communicating Devices

“…These interfaces can cause parts of the body, for example the eye, to resonate where the electric fields are increased and do not decay with distance. The SAR in the eye can be particularly high at frequencies between 600 and 2400MHz depending on the size of the eye, the surrounding tissues, the presence of the eyelid, the angle of incidence and the polarization as the eye is not perfectly spherical [8,[14][15].…”

“…The eyes have received particular attention in the literature [8,[14][15]. As the metallic shape of the glasses extends around the front of the eye, it is important to use the anatomical head model which includes an eye -this can only be evaluated via simulations.…”

Wireless Telemetry for Implantable Biomedical Microsystems

“…Employing lowfrequency carriers is also supported by recent SAR calculations, e.g. in the telemetry link of an epiretinal prosthesis reported in (Singh et al, 2009), the SAR limit of the IEEE standard would be crossed around 16 MHz for a normalized peak current of 0.62 A in the primary coil. Thus, for power transmission, carrier frequencies of inductive links are typically chosen below 15 MHz (Jow & Ghovanloo, 2007Simard et al, 2010).…”

Investigation and reduction methods of specific absorption rate for biomedical applications: A survey

“…Whittow used a ring‐type jewellery near the region of the eye, and the downside is the medium is purely homogeneous, and dipole the most basic antenna is used for analysis. Singh et al estimated SAR for patients with epiretinal Prosthesis. The cases of this system are rare in implementation.…”