Feasibility Study of 4G Cellular Antennas for Eyewear Communicating Devices

Cihangir, Aykut; Whittow, William G.; Panagamuwa, Chinthana; Ferrero, Fabien; Jacquemod, G.; Gianesello, Frédéric; Luxey, Cyril

doi:10.1109/lawp.2013.2287204

Cited by 26 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…A printed coupling element antenna designed for eyewear device [1,2] is used in this paper. As shown in Fig.…”

Section: Antenna Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Microwave Microdosimetry for Human Eyes With Glasses Exposed to Wireless Eyewear Devices at Phone Call State

Lan¹,

Hong²,

Liang³

et al. 2018

PIER M

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Abstract-This paper evaluates the effect of glasses on the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) and the absorbed power in the human head exposed to microwave from wireless eyewear device at phone call state. Due to the sensitivity of eyes to microwave, this paper mainly concentrates on the SAR and the absorbed power in ocular tissues. The calculated results indicate that wearing glasses can obviously increase the maximal SAR and the absorbed power in ocular tissues. Glasses has almost doubled the maximal SAR in ocular tissues. The absorbed power with glasses is about 3.1-4.5 times as big as that without glasses. Furthermore, we find that the maximal SAR and absorbed power are sensitive to the width of glass leg and the thickness of spectacle lens, while variation trends with the varying glasses size are quite different. Hypermyopia patient might suffer from higher risk of getting the oculopathy due to the larger SAR caused by the thicker spectacle lens. In conclusion, wearing glasses may pose higher health risk on eyes of wireless eyewear device user. This paper would provide valuable reference data for the future evaluation of microwave biological effect on eyes.

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“…A printed coupling element antenna designed for eyewear device [1,2] is used in this paper. As shown in Fig.…”

Section: Antenna Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although these devices, currently, are just limited to wireless Bluetooth or WiFi connection with relatively lower radiation power, there is clearly a requirement for connecting to the cellular network [1]. Moreover, the radiation antenna of eyewear device is very close to the human head.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Microwave Microdosimetry for Human Eyes With Glasses Exposed to Wireless Eyewear Devices at Phone Call State

Lan¹,

Hong²,

Liang³

et al. 2018

PIER M

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Concerning LTE-A (Long Term Evolution) or 4G operation, the internal antenna has to cover 700-960 MHz as the Low-Band (LB) and 1700-2700 MHz as the High-Band (HB). The authors have previously demonstrated in [6] that it is possible to achieve such frequency coverage using a capacitive coupling element (CE) type antenna in an eyewear device. CE type antennas are non-resonant structures used to excite the proper wavemodes on the system ground plane.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The antennas we proposed in [6] consist of CE type antennas with dual-band behavior: 700-960 MHz and 1700-2700 MHz. In order to mitigate any effects that may come from the user (here referring mostly to user's hand since the user's head is a part of the default scenario), a different and completely novel design concept targeting 4G coverage for eyewear devices is designed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main design target is to achieve a wideband, complete coverage of the 700-2700 MHz interval (118 % relative bandwidth), so that the reflection coefficient level (-6 dB) is maintained despite the user's proximity and possibly versus different users having each slightly different permittivity characteristics. This presents significant design challenges over and above those faced in [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrabroadband Antenna With Robustness to Body Detuning for 4G Eyewear Devices

Cihangir

Panagamuwa

Whittow

et al. 2017

Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett.

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4G antennas for wireless eyewear devices and related SAR

Cihangir

Whittow

Panagamuwa

et al. 2015

Comptes Rendus. Physique

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Citation: CIHANGIR, A. ...et al., 2015. 4G AbstractIn this paper, we first present a feasibility study to design 4G antennas (700-960MHz and 1.7-2.7GHz) for eyewear devices. Those eyewear devices should be connected to the last generation cellular networks, Wireless Local Area Networks or wireless hotspots. Three coupling element type antennas with their matching networks are evaluated in terms of reflection coefficient and total radiation efficiency when the eyewear is placed on the user's head. We also present Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) simulations when the eyewear is positioned over an homogeneous SAM phantom and over an heterogeneous VH (Visible Human) phantom: the SAR levels are compared to international limit values. In a second step, we present experimental results obtained with 3D printed eyewears and coupling elements etched on classical PCB substrate where the matching circuits are optimized close to the feeding point of the coupling element. Simulated and measured values are in very good agreement: 7 to 16% and 9 to 35% total efficiency are respectively obtained for the low and high frequency bands. However, simulated SAR values are somewhat higher than authorized levels with preoccupant high electromagnetic field distribution close to the eye of the user.

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Feasibility Study of 4G Cellular Antennas for Eyewear Communicating Devices

Cited by 26 publications

References 11 publications

Evaluation of Microwave Microdosimetry for Human Eyes With Glasses Exposed to Wireless Eyewear Devices at Phone Call State

Evaluation of Microwave Microdosimetry for Human Eyes With Glasses Exposed to Wireless Eyewear Devices at Phone Call State

Ultrabroadband Antenna With Robustness to Body Detuning for 4G Eyewear Devices

4G antennas for wireless eyewear devices and related SAR

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