Species interactions and distinct microbial communities in high Arctic permafrost affected cryosols are associated with the CH₄ and CO₂ gas fluxes

Abstract

Summary Microbial metabolism of the thawing organic carbon stores in permafrost results in a positive feedback loop of greenhouse gas emissions. CO2 and CH4 fluxes and the associated microbial communities in Arctic cryosols are important in predicting future warming potential of the Arctic. We demonstrate that topography had an impact on CH4 and CO2 flux at a high Arctic ice‐wedge polygon terrain site, with higher CO2 emissions and lower CH4 uptake at troughs compared to polygon interior soils. The pmoA sequencing suggested that USCα cluster of uncultured methanotrophs is likely responsible for observed methane sink. Community profiling revealed distinct assemblages across the terrain at different depths. Deeper soils contained higher abundances of Verrucomicrobia and Gemmatimonadetes, whereas the polygon interior had higher Acidobacteria and lower Betaproteobacteria and Deltaproteobacteria abundances. Genome sequencing of isolates from the terrain revealed presence of carbon cycling genes including ones involved in serine and ribulose monophosphate pathways. A novel hybrid network analysis identified key members that had positive and negative impacts on other species. Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) with numerous positive interactions corresponded to Proteobacteria, Candidatus Rokubacteria and Actinobacteria phyla, while Verrucomicrobia and Acidobacteria members had negative impacts on other species. Results indicate that topography and microbial interactions impact community composition.

Aerobic and oxygen-limited naphthalene-amended enrichments induced the dominance of Pseudomonas spp. from a groundwater bacterial biofilm

“…According to the whole genome sequences, type strains of P. silesiensis A3 T , P. umsongensis DSM16611 T and P. laurylsulfatiphila AP3_16 T , as well as P. arsenicoxydans strains ACM1 and E3, do not contain in their genome naphthalene 1,2-dioxygenase-related genes (Kaminski et al 2018;Furmanczyk et al 2018;Kwon et al 2003;Altshuler et al 2019). This observation further indicated that isolates obtained in this study, affiliating with the abovementioned bacterial species, acquired the naphthalene biodegradation capability through HGT.…”

Reflections Based on Pollution Changes Brought by COVID-19 Lockdown in Shanghai

“…Only SO 2 has significant correlations with all other pollutants, because it is mainly from fuel combustion and can attach to PM 2.5 and PM 10 [22]. The global air quality experienced a dramatic improvement throughout the pandemic of COVID-19 [34,46] because the lockdown supplied a relatively non-industrial period [34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43]46,47,49,50]. Isolation is an effective way to block the spread of COVID-19 [34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47]; however, this means that people have to be restricted to their homes or somewhere else.…”

Comparative Genomic Analysis Provides Insights into the Phylogeny, Resistome, Virulome, and Host Adaptation in the Genus Ewingella

“…E. americana RIT713 [75]. In addition, strain E4 [76], isolated from permafrost soil, was included to ascertain its name and taxonomic position. There is no report of the pathogenicity test for the five other strains.…”

“…The genome of E. americana B6-1 was deposited in the GenBank database under the accession CP048243 in the Genome and SAMN13930952 in the BioSample. In addition, four other E. americana genomes (including E. americana ATCC 33852 [72], E. americana CCUG 14506T [73], E. americana NCTC12157 [74], and E. americana RIT713 [75]), and a wrongly named species E4 [76] (Supplementary Table S3) were downloaded from the National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) genome repository and reannotated following the same pipeline as B6-1. The quality of all the genome assembly was assessed using Quast (v5.0.2) [85].…”