Species distribution and antifungal susceptibility patterns of Candida isolates from a public tertiary teaching hospital in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

Mnge, P; Okeleye, Benjamin I.; Vasaikar, Sandeep; Apalata, Teke

doi:10.1590/1414-431x20175797

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…However, our result differs from other studies that implicate C. albicans as the predominant Candida species among pregnant women causing VVC [13,17,35]. Further, our results close to those of other studies reporting C. glabrata as the second most predominate Candida species [13,35,49]. From these studies, the presence of C. glabrata as the second most predominant Candida isolate could explain the gradual increased shift of C. albicans to C. glabrata in causing VVC.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

Prevalence of vulvovaginal candidiasis among pregnant women in the Ho municipality, Ghana: species identification and antifungal susceptibility of Candida isolates

Waikhom

Afeke

Kwawu

et al. 2020

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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Background: Candida is the leading cause of vaginitis, and 75% of women have at least one episode of infection in their lives, with pregnancy being a predisposing factor. If left untreated, vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) can lead to chorioamnionitis with subsequent abortion, prematurity and congenital infection of the neonate. We aimed to determine the prevalence of VVC, identify the recent and most frequently occurring species of Candida in pregnant women, and determine the most effective antifungal drug of choice for treatment. Method: A prospective cross-sectional study in which 176 high vaginal swab samples of consented pregnant women visiting the antenatal clinic from February 2018 to April 2018 were subjected to direct gram smear and culture for Candida isolation. Candida isolates were identified using a germ tube test and HiCrome Candida differential agar. Candida isolates were then subjected to a disk diffusion method using fluconazole (25 μg), nystatin (100 units), and voriconazole (1 μg) on Mueller-Hinton agar supplemented with 2% (w/v) glucose and 0.5 μg/ml methylene blue dye to determine the susceptibility pattern as per the guidelines of the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI). Chi-square analysis was used to ascertain the significant association of participants' sociodemographics and clinical presentations to VVC. A univariate logistic regression model was used to identify potential risk factors of VVC.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

Prevalence of vulvovaginal candidiasis among pregnant women in the Ho municipality, Ghana: species identification and antifungal susceptibility of Candida isolates

Waikhom

Afeke

Kwawu

et al. 2020

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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“…While Candida albicans was the most frequently isolated yeast in the present study, its prevalence was lower than a study conducted in Northwest Ethiopia [16] and higher than a study conducted in central Ethiopia [17]. Candida albicans as the most frequently isolated species was also reported by Sasso et al [30], Mnge et al [31], and Zeng et al [32]. C. parapsilosis as the most frequently isolated yeast was depicted in a study conducted by Sahal and Bilkay [33].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Distribution of Candida albicans and non-albicans Candida species isolated in different clinical samples and their in vitro antifungal suscetibity profile in Ethiopia

2020

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Background: The spectrum of yeasts and their antifungal susceptibility profile are poorly known and treatment of fungal disease has remained empirical. The aim of this study is to determine the spectrum and antifungal susceptibility profile of yeasts particularly of Candida species.Methods: A descriptive study on the composition of Candida species and antifungal susceptibility profile were conducted from January 2018 to September 2018. Clinical samples collected from different sites were cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar and incubated for an appropriate time. Identification of yeast isolates and their antifungal susceptibility profile were determined by the VITEK 2 compact system. Descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentage of Candida species were calculated using SPSS version 20.Results: Of 209 yeasts recovered, 104(49.8%), 90 (43.1%), 15(7.2%) were C. albicans, non albicans Candida species, and other yeasts, respectively. Among non albicans Candida species, Candida krusei was the commonest isolate. Of other yeast groups, 66.7% was represented by Cryptococcus laurentii. Regardless of Candida species identified, 85.6, 3.9, and 10.5% of the isolates were susceptible, intermediate, and resistant to fluconazole, respectively. C krusei was 100% resistant to the drug. Voriconazole demonstrated the greatest antifungal activity against Candida isolates in which 99.4% of Candida isolates were susceptible. The susceptibility and the resistance rate of Candida isolate to both caspofungin and micafungin were the same being 96 and 4% respectively. However, micafungin was more potent than caspofungin. The susceptibility, resistant, and intermediate rates of yeasts against flucytosine were, 86.2, 6.6, and 7.2%, respectively. Conclusions:The present study demonstrated the distribution of Candida species in different clinical specimens where the isolation rate of non-albicans Candida species was comparable to Candida albicans. The high resistance rate of C. krusei to fluconazole and flucytosine may demonstrate that the treatment of candidiasis empirically is questionable.

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“…Previously, the commonest Candida species, causing disease in South Africa, was C. albicans followed by C. glabrata [19][20][21]. However, 2016 National institute of communicable diseases (NICD) surveillance, found that C. parapsilosis, was the commonest followed by C. albicans and C. auris ranked fourth [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and laboratory features of patients with Candida auris cultures, compared to other Candida, at a South African Hospital

Parak

Stacey

2022

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Multidrug resistant Candida auris is an emerging threat worldwide. It has been identified in Africa, however, there is minimal data available comparing C. auris to other Candida species in Africa. Methodology: Retrospective, case control study at a tertiary South African Hospital. Clinical and laboratory features of patients with positive C. auris clinical cultures from 1 January 2015 to 31 August 2018 were compared to patients who cultured C. albicans and C. glabrata. Results: Forty-five clinical cases with C. auris cultures were identified. The median age was 32 years (IQR = 26-46). The median duration of hospital stay was 64 days (IQR = 39-88) and median time from admission to diagnosis 35 days (IQR = 21-53). Indwelling devices and previous antibiotic exposure were found to be significant risk factors. All C. auris isolates were susceptible to amphotericin B and micafungin. Patients treated with amphotericin B alone, had a higher mortality (73.33%, n = 11/15) than patients treated with an echinocandin (54.55%, n = 6/11), however this was not statistically significant. All C. auris isolates were healthcare associated with 80% (n = 36/45) acquired in ICU. The 30-day all-cause in-patient mortality was 42% (n = 19/45) for C. auris, 36% (n = 16/45) for C. albicans and 53% (n = 24/45) for C. glabrata. Conclusions: C. auris is an emerging multi drug resistant threat in South Africa. Improved access to echinocandins and improvement of infection prevention and control strategies are imperative to prevent further morbidity and mortality due to this pathogen.

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Species distribution and antifungal susceptibility patterns of Candida isolates from a public tertiary teaching hospital in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

Cited by 20 publications

References 26 publications

Prevalence of vulvovaginal candidiasis among pregnant women in the Ho municipality, Ghana: species identification and antifungal susceptibility of Candida isolates

Prevalence of vulvovaginal candidiasis among pregnant women in the Ho municipality, Ghana: species identification and antifungal susceptibility of Candida isolates

Distribution of Candida albicans and non-albicans Candida species isolated in different clinical samples and their in vitro antifungal suscetibity profile in Ethiopia

Clinical and laboratory features of patients with Candida auris cultures, compared to other Candida, at a South African Hospital

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