Clinical and laboratory features of patients with Candida auris cultures, compared to other Candida, at a South African Hospital

Parak, Amirah; Stacey, Sarah

doi:10.3855/jidc.14917

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 31 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…In fact, the high nosocomial transmission of C. auris has been attributed to the antifungal and disinfectant resistance, use of reusable skin surface temperature monitoring probes, and prior exposure to systemic fluconazole [133,134]. A recent publication by Parak et al revealed 45 cases of C. auris caused candidaemia in South Africa, all of which were susceptible to amphotericin B and micafungin however, patients treated with amphotericin B only had a higher mortality rate than those treated with an echinocandin [135].…”

Section: Candidemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive Fungal Diseases in Africa: A Critical Literature Review

Bongomin

Ekeng

Kibone

et al. 2022

JoF

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Invasive fungal diseases (IFDs) are of huge concern in resource-limited settings, particularly in Africa, due to the unavailability of diagnostic armamentarium for IFDs, thus making definitive diagnosis challenging. IFDs have non-specific systemic manifestations overlapping with more frequent illnesses, such as tuberculosis, HIV, and HIV-related opportunistic infections and malignancies. Consequently, IFDs are often undiagnosed or misdiagnosed. We critically reviewed the available literature on IFDs in Africa to provide a better understanding of their epidemiology, disease burden to guide future research and interventions. Cryptococcosis is the most encountered IFD in Africa, accounting for most of the HIV-related deaths in sub-Saharan Africa. Invasive aspergillosis, though somewhat underdiagnosed and/or misdiagnosed as tuberculosis, is increasingly being reported with a similar predilection towards people living with HIV. More cases of histoplasmosis are also being reported with recent epidemiological studies, particularly from Western Africa, showing high prevalence rates amongst presumptive tuberculosis patients and patients living with HIV. The burden of pneumocystis pneumonia has reduced significantly probably due to increased uptake of anti-retroviral therapy among people living with HIV both in Africa, and globally. Mucormycosis, talaromycosis, emergomycosis, blastomycosis, and coccidiomycosis have also been reported but with very few studies from the literature. The emergence of resistance to most of the available antifungal drugs in Africa is yet of huge concern as reported in other regions. IFDs in Africa is much more common than it appears and contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality. Huge investment is needed to drive awareness and fungi related research especially in diagnostics and antifungal therapy.

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Section: Candidemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive Fungal Diseases in Africa: A Critical Literature Review

Bongomin

Ekeng

Kibone

et al. 2022

JoF

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Fungal diseases in Africa: Closing the gaps in diagnosis and treatment through implementation research and advocacy

Bongomin,

Ekeng,

Kwizera

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Mycology

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The many faces of Candida auris: Phenotypic and strain variation in an emerging pathogen

Santana,

Zhao,

O’Meara

2024

PLoS Pathog

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Candida auris is an emerging fungal pathogen with unusual evolutionary history—there are multiple distinct phylogeographic clades showing a near simultaneous transition from a currently unknown reservoir to nosocomial pathogen. Each of these clades has experienced different selective pressures over time, likely resulting in selection for genotypes with differential fitness or phenotypic consequences when introduced to new environments. We also observe diversification within clades, providing additional opportunities for phenotypic differences. These differences can have large impacts on pathogenic potential, drug resistance profile, evolutionary trajectory, and transmissibility. In recent years, there have been significant advances in our understanding of strain-specific behavior in other microbes, including bacterial and fungal pathogens, and we have an opportunity to take this strain variation into account when describing aspects of C. auris biology. Here, we critically review the literature to gain insight into differences at both the strain and clade levels in C. auris, focusing on phenotypes associated with clinical disease or transmission. Our goal is to integrate clinical and epidemiological perspectives with molecular perspectives in a way that would be valuable for both audiences. Identifying differences between strains and understanding which phenotypes are strain specific will be crucial for understanding this emerging pathogen, and an important caveat when describing the analysis of a singular isolate.

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Clinical and laboratory features of patients with Candida auris cultures, compared to other Candida, at a South African Hospital

Cited by 5 publications

References 31 publications

Invasive Fungal Diseases in Africa: A Critical Literature Review

Invasive Fungal Diseases in Africa: A Critical Literature Review

Fungal diseases in Africa: Closing the gaps in diagnosis and treatment through implementation research and advocacy

The many faces of Candida auris: Phenotypic and strain variation in an emerging pathogen

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