Speciation of mercury, tin, and lead compounds by gas chromatography with microwave-induced plasma and atomic-emission detection (GC–MIP–AED)

Abstract

Because of their high toxicity and widespread distribution, the reliable selective quantification of alkyl and aryl species containing mercury, tin, or lead has been one of the goals of speciation analysis in recent years. Since becoming commercially available, GC-MIP-AED has been one of the most-used tools in this work. In this paper, the value and limitations of GC-MIP-AED for the speciation of Hg, Sn, and Pb compounds in environmental samples are reviewed and compared with the analytical characteristics of other hyphenated GC-based techniques. Because quantification of Hg, Sn, and Pb species by GC techniques normally requires complex sample preparation involving several steps, the effect of sample-preparation methods on the accuracy and precision of the results is discussed. Finally, we describe the current status of a rapid, low-cost GC-MIP-PED system specifically designed for routine quantification of Hg, Sn, and Pb species in environmental control laboratories.

Separation of Organomercury Species Using Nonaqueous Capillary Electrophoresis Coupled with Sample Stacking and Electrokinetic Injection Techniques

“…As shown in Fig. 4a, with the increase of the injection time of 300 mM NH 4 Ac into the capillary, the peak area of methylmercury increases to 30 s before decreasing.…”

“…Great efforts were made in developing analytical methods for organomercury, such as gas chromatography (GC) [1][2][3][4][5] and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [5][6][7][8]. During the recent decade, capillary electrophoresis (CE) has become available as a routine tool for the analysis of environmental and biological samples, especially the speciation of environmental toxic compounds.…”

The method of determination of mercury adsorption from flue gases

“…Other analytical methods for mercury content determination are presented in many publications [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. They are based on the following detection methods:…”

Determinação seletiva de tributilestanho na presença de Sn(IV) em amostras ambientais usando HG-ICP OES e Saccharomyces cerevisiae como material sorvente

“…[5][6][7][8] Um dos principais inconvenientes desta técnica é o pré-tratamento tedioso da amostra, que envolve várias etapas de extração do analito, geralmente usando extrações líquido-líquido (LPE) e, posteriormente, a derivação do analito com tetraetilborato de sódio. 9 A cromatografia líquida (LC) também é efetiva para o fracionamento de estanho orgânico e inorgânico, [10][11][12][13][14] porém, os limites de detecção são pobres quando detectores convencionais são utilizados. O limite de detecção pode ser consideravelmente melhorado quando a LC é acoplada ao ICP-MS. [13][14][15] No entanto, métodos envolvendo a LC requerem, pelo menos, uma etapa de pré-tratamento usando LPE antes da separação cromatográfica, mesmo para amostras de água.…”