Spatiotemporal amplitude and phase retrieval of space-time coupled ultrashort pulses using the Shackled-FROG technique

Rubino, E.; Faccio, Daniele; Tartara, Luca; Bates, Philip K.; Chalus, Olivier; Clerici, Matteo; Bonaretti, F.; Biegert, J.; Trapani, P. Di

doi:10.1364/ol.34.003854

Cited by 36 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Nevertheless, the need of further information of the pulses led to the implementation of new techniques for the characterization of the spatiotemporal dependent amplitude and phase of the pulses. These are the cases of the spatially encoded arrangement temporal analysis by dispersing a pair of light electric-fields (SEA TADPOLE) [2], shackled-FROG [3] or the spatiotemporal amplitude-and-phase reconstruction by Fourier-transform of interference spectra of highcomplex-beams (STARFISH) [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Frequency resolved wavefront retrieval and dynamics of diffractive focused ultrashort pulses

et al. 2012

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In this work we demonstrate the ability of the spatiotemporal characterization technique STARFISH to retrieve the wavelength dependent wavefront of focused ultrashort laser pulses. The high resolution achievable with this technique allows measuring the wavefront at the focal spot. In particular, the method is applied to study the effects of focusing with a kinoform diffractive lens. The evolution from converging to diverging wavefronts as the pulse propagates along the focal region is analyzed for each wavelength. The spatiotemporal intensity and spatially resolved spectrum structure of the pulses, as well as their profiles on axis, are also presented. Numerical simulations of the propagation of such pulses confirm the experimental results.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [3], the authors implemented a grating that images the beam into an H-S sensor, retrieving the wavefront in one axis. As to the SEA TADPOLE, it does not allow obtaining directly the wavefront of the pulse due to the instabilities of the interferometer, which introduce a phase drift from pointto-point in the spatial scan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency resolved wavefront retrieval and dynamics of diffractive focused ultrashort pulses

et al. 2012

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“…The local wavefront of a Bessel-like beam results from the interference of two or more partial waves. If one places a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor in a Bessel beam, the conical shape of the wavefront [29] and, in combination with a diffractive grating, the spectral phase [30] can be reconstructed. The focal spot of each microlens splits into a ring, as follows from the analysis in [31].…”

Section: Ambiguity Of the Poynting Vector Maps Of Nondiffracting Beamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive Generation and Diagnostics of Linear Few-Cycle Light Bullets

Böck¹,

Grünwald²

2013

Applied Sciences

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Abstract:Recently we introduced the class of highly localized wavepackets (HLWs) as a generalization of optical Bessel-like needle beams. Here we report on the progress in this field. In contrast to pulsed Bessel beams and Airy beams, ultrashort-pulsed HLWs propagate with high stability in both spatial and temporal domain, are nearly paraxial (supercollimated), have fringe-less spatial profiles and thus represent the best possible approximation to linear "light bullets". Like Bessel beams and Airy beams, HLWs show self-reconstructing behavior. Adaptive HLWs can be shaped by ultraflat three-dimensional phase profiles (generalized axicons) which are programmed via calibrated grayscale maps of liquid-crystal-on-silicon spatial light modulators (LCoS-SLMs). Light bullets of even higher complexity can either be freely formed from quasi-continuous phase maps or discretely composed from addressable arrays of identical nondiffracting beams. The characterization of few-cycle light bullets requires spatially resolved measuring techniques. In our experiments, wavefront, pulse and phase were detected with a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor, 2D-autocorrelation and spectral phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction (SPIDER). The combination of the unique propagation properties of light bullets with the flexibility of adaptive optics opens new prospects for applications of structured light like optical tweezers, microscopy, data transfer and storage, laser fusion, plasmon control or nonlinear spectroscopy. OPEN ACCESSAppl. Sci. 2013, 3 140

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“…The phase information is not necessary because the photocathode is not sensitive to the phase. Two-dimensional (2D) spatiotemporal field diagnostics have been developed [11][12][13][14] and 3D diagnostics have also achieved limited success [15][16][17]. Recently, Li et al developed a simple scheme to measure the 3D laser pulse intensity [18][19][20], which is essentially a first order noncollinear cross correlation with a CCD camera as a detector.…”

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confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional laser pulse intensity diagnostic for photoinjectors

Bazarov

Dunham

et al. 2011

Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams

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Minimizing the electron-beam emittance of photoinjectors is an important task for maximizing the brightness of the next-generation x-ray facilities, such as free-electron lasers and energy recovery linacs. Optimally shaped laser pulses can significantly reduce emittance. A reliable diagnostic for the laser pulse intensity is required for this purpose. We demonstrate measurement of three-dimensional spatiotemporal intensity profiles, with spatial resolution of 20 m and temporal resolution of 130 fs. The capability is illustrated by measurements of stacked soliton pulses and pulses from a dissipative-soliton laser. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.14.112802 PACS numbers: 42.60.Jf, 42.15.Eq, 42.25.Hz, 29.25.Bx Next-generation x-ray facilities, such as free-electron lasers and energy recovery linacs (ERLs), produce high brightness x-ray beams from diffraction-limited electron beams. The initial electron-beam properties determine the performance of the entire facility, which makes the development of low-emittance electron sources a priority [1]. The beam emittance is a result of the interplay of several phenomena, and depends on a number of factors such as the pulse shape of the photoinjector drive laser [2], the three-dimensional (3D) nature of space-charge forces inside the bunch, the boundary conditions near the photocathode [3], the fields in the radio-frequency (rf) linac cavities, and the aberrations of the electron optics in the gun and downstream. Achieving an ideal 3D electronbeam shape is a matter of active research in the accelerator community: a uniform ellipsoidal beam is the optimal shape when considering linear space-charge forces in free space [4], while a cylindrical shape is known to produce small emittances and is a practical solution pursued in several laboratories [5,6]. However, the optimum intensity profile in a real system generally requires more complicated shapes to achieve the lowest emittance [7]. To experimentally study the effects of the laser shape on beam performance in photoinjectors, a reliable 3D laser pulse intensity diagnostic is required.Most existing pulse/beam diagnostics measure the field in the space and time domains separately. Second-order autocorrelation is one of the more traditional techniques in the laser field; being simple in its implementation, it, however, can only provide limited temporal and phase information [8]. Frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG) and its successors give both the temporal intensity and phase information, through the spectrogram of the sum frequency generated by the original laser pulse [9]. FROG employs an iterative phase-retrieval algorithm, which works well for most applications. The spectral phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction (SPIDER) technique can also measure the optical field (both the amplitude and phase) by use of a spectral shearing interferometer [10]. Both of these are established techniques for characterization of the full electric field of a light pulse. Typically, a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera is ...

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Spatiotemporal amplitude and phase retrieval of space-time coupled ultrashort pulses using the Shackled-FROG technique

Cited by 36 publications

References 10 publications

Frequency resolved wavefront retrieval and dynamics of diffractive focused ultrashort pulses

Frequency resolved wavefront retrieval and dynamics of diffractive focused ultrashort pulses

Adaptive Generation and Diagnostics of Linear Few-Cycle Light Bullets

Three-dimensional laser pulse intensity diagnostic for photoinjectors

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