Spatially Dependent Fluorescent Probe for Detecting Different Situations of Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Conveniently and Efficiently

Abstract

The feedback from mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in different situations (normal, decreasing, and vanishing) can reflect different cellular status, which can be applied in biomedical research and diagnosis of the related diseases. Thus, the efficient and convenient detection for MMP in different situations is particularly important, yet the operations of current fluorescent probes are complex. In order to address this concern, we presented herein a spatially dependent fluorescent probe composed of organic cationic salt. The experimental results from normal and immortalized cells showed that it could accumulate in mitochondria selectively when MMP was normal. Also, it would move into the nucleus from mitochondria gradually with the decrease of MMP, and finally it targeted the nucleus exclusively when MMP vanished. According to the cell morphology, there is a straightforward spatial boundary between the nucleus and cytoplasm where mitochondria locate; thus, the three situations of MMP can be point-to-point indicated just by fluorescence images of the probe: that all probes accumulate in mitochondria corresponds to normal MMP; that probes locate both in the mitochondria and nucleus corresponds to decreasing MMP; that probes only target the nucleus corresponds to vanishing MMP. It is worth noting that counterstaining results with S-11348 indicated that the spatially dependent probe could be applied to distinguishing dead from viable cells in the same cell population. Compared with the commercial Cellstain-Double staining kit containing calcein-AM and propidium iodide (PI), this probe can address this concern by itself and shorten the testing time, which brings enormous convenience for relevant researches.

Spatiotemporally Monitoring Cell Viability through Programmable Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Transformation by Using Fluorescent Carbon Dots

“…Even little changes of mitochondrial membrane potential could result a huge influence on the cell viability and are closely connected with a series of diseases. Therefore, development of sensitive methods to monitor mitochondrial membrane potential is particularly important 5–10…”

Dynamically Monitoring Cell Viability in a Dual‐Color Mode: Construction of an Aggregation/Monomer‐Based Probe Capable of Reversible Mitochondria‐Nucleus Migration

“…[18] Te ulade-Fichou and co-workers have developed two-photon fluorescent probes for the imaging of cell nucleus. [21][22][23] Thef luorescence wavelengths of those probes remain unchanged in mitochondria and nucleus.However,these intensity-based probes have some limitations,s uch as the interferences from inhomogeneous staining of probes and fluctuation of excitation intensity. [20] Recently,K awamatasg roup,Y u sg roup,a nd Tians group have developed fluorescent probes which target mitochondria in healthy cells and gradually migrate into nucleus/nucleolus during apoptosis.…”

Curcumin improves asthenozoospermia by inhibiting reactive oxygen species reproduction through nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 activation

“…It is clear that spermatozoa acquire amounts of energy provided by mitochondria surrounding their flagella through oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis, to support the ability and activity during fertilisation, which means asthenozoospermia might be relevant with mitochondrial dysfunction (Piomboni, Focarelli, Stendardi, Ferramosca, & Zara, 2012). Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), utilised as a gauge of mitochondrial function, whose decrease is an indicator of the destruction of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, subsequent reduction in the production of ATP, cell dysfunction and even death (Evenson, Darzynkiewicz, & Melamed, 1982;Li et al, 2017). Our results showed reduced MMP in the spermatozoa of asthenozoospermia individuals compared to that of normozoospermic individuals.…”