Spatial variability of soil penetration resistance influenced by season of sampling

Bonnin, Juan José; Mirás-Avalos, José Manuel; Lanças, Kléber Pereira; Paz‐González, Antonio; Vieira, Sidney Rosa

doi:10.1590/s0006-87052010000500017

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Soil variability occurs due to the interaction of formation factors, climate, temperature, and management (Bonnin et al, 2010;Siqueira et al, 2017), which directly affects agricultural productivity (Basso et al, 2011). The different planting systems can alter the soil quality, due to constant fertilization and liming, resulting in changes in the physical, chemical, and biological soil properties (Baretta et al, 2003;Carvalho et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Variability of Soil Fauna Under Different Land Use and Managements

Silva

Siqueira

Costa

et al. 2018

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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Geostatistics allows the evaluation of the distribution pattern of data with high spatial variability in agricultural systems. This study aimed to evaluate the spatial variability of biological diversity indices of soil fauna under different land (agriculture and forest). Samples were collected in seven areas (millet, soybean, corn, eucalyptus, pasture crops, and preserved and disturbed Cerrado), in Maranhão state, Brazil. The soil fauna was caught trapped in pitfall traps, installed 3 m away from each other. In each area, 130 traps were maintained for seven days. After this period, they were removed and their content transferred to bottles and taken to the laboratory, where the insects were screened and identified at the level of orders and families. Eight indices were calculated, namely: individuals trap-1 day-1 , Jackknife richness estimator, the Simpson, McIntosh, Shannon, and total diversity, and Simpson dominance, and Pielou equitability indices. The spatial variability was derived from the semivariograms fitted to Gaussian, spherical, and exponential geostatistical models. Statistical analysis showed medium values of the coefficient of variation for millet, except for the indices individuals trap-1 day-1 and McIntosh diversity, which were considered high. The values of the correlation matrix were negative for some indices, suggesting an inverse relationship. For millet, corn, eucalyptus, disturbed Cerrado, and pasture areas, the Shannon diversity index exhibited a pure nugget effect. For the areas of millet, corn, disturbed Cerrado and pasture, the total diversity index was adjusted to the Gaussian model. The degree of spatial dependence was considered high for the individuals trap-1 day-1 and Pielou equitability indices for millet. Only for soybean and pasture similarity in the scaled semivariograms was observed for the spatial variability of the indices, indicating similarity of performance. Soil management and land use affect the patterns of soil fauna abundance, richness, and diversity. The presence of groups such as Araneae, Diplura, and Poduromorpha are related to ecological equilibrium, quality, and sustainability of the agricultural systems studied.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Variability of Soil Fauna Under Different Land Use and Managements

Silva

Siqueira

Costa

et al. 2018

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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“…In geostatistics, the spatial variability of a given soil property is quantified from correlograms and semivariograms, determining the spatial dependence between sample units and the extent of influence of each sampling point (Vieira et al, 1981). The semivariogram describes the type and form of spatial dependence, being the first stage of the geostatistical analysis before mapping (Vieira, Hatfield, Nielsen, & Biggar, 1983;Bonnin, Mirás-Avalos, Lanças, Paz González, & Vieira, 2010;Kuhwald et al, 2016). The experimental semivariogram is a graph of semivariance as a function of distance that characterizes the spatial dependence structure of the study variable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Addition of amendments to restore a compacted soil under no-tillage system

Barbieri¹,

Gabioud²,

Wilson³

et al. 2022

Acta Sci. Agron.

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The addition of organic and inorganic amendments can improve soil structure and reduce soil compaction. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate whether the application of amendments reduces penetration resistance (PR) in the short term and describe the spatial variability of PR in the surface horizon of an Aquic Argiudoll under no-tillage in northeast Argentina. Four treatments, consisting of surface applications of 7.5 Mg ha−1 poultry litter (PL), 3.0 Mg ha−1 gypsum (G), the combination of PL+G, and untreated control (T), were arranged in a complete randomized block design with three replications. Two more treatments were added to the experiment 12 months later, consisting of PL reapplications on half of the surface of the PL+G and PL treatments (PL+G+PL and PL+PL, respectively) in a split-plot design with three replications in 4×20-m plots. PR was determined in the field with an Eijkelkamp penetrologger following a 2-m long transect perpendicular to the sowing direction at 10 different spots separated 0.2 m from each other. The spatial variability was quantified for each treatment using semivariograms. The highest PR was observed in the T treatment (1.96 MPa) and the lowest PR in PL+G+PL (0.21 MPa). All treatments showed a high spatial dependence (94.9 to 99.9%). Treatments with PL reapplication (PL+PL and PL+G+PL) showed profiles with lower PR and more homogeneous kriging maps. PL reapplication on PL treatments showed no effects on PR values. However, PL reapplication on the PL+G treatment led to positive effects in all PR ranges. Thus, the PL+G+PL treatment, which had the highest PR values, showed a decrease in PR from 54.17 to 6.65% with the reapplication 12 months later. The addition of organic and inorganic amendments reduced specific compacted soil areas on the surface horizon of an Aquic Argiudoll under no-tillage.

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“…The electronic penetrometers can be coupled to mobile sampling unit, like a system assembled on a quadricycle (AGUIAR et al, 2009), or be pulled and connected to the hydraulic system of a tractor (BONNIN et al, 2010). Penetrometers can also be used manually, being of springs (MEDEIROS et al, 2010), electronic (COELHO et al, 2012) or of impact.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial variability of mechanical resistance to penetration evaluated with mobile unit on haplic vertisol cultivated with mango

et al. 2014

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Since the advent of mechanized farming and intensive use of agricultural machinery and implements on the properties, the soil began to receive greater load of machinery traffic, which can cause increased soil compaction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the spatial variability of soil mechanical resistance to penetration (RP) in the layers of 0. 00-0.10, 0.10-0.20, 0.20-0.30 and 0.30-0.40m, using geostatistics in an area cultivated with mango in Haplic Vertisol of the northeastern semi-arid, with mobile unit equipped with electronic penetrometer. The RP data was collected in 56 points from an area of 3 ha, and random soil samples were collected to determine the soil moisture and texture. For RP data analysis we used descriptive statistics and geostatistics. The soil mechanical resistance to penetration presented increased variability, with adjustment of the spherical and exponential semivariograms in the layers. We found that 42% of the area in the layer of 0.10-0.20m showed RP values above 2.70 MPa. Maximum values of RP were found in the layer of 0.19-0.27m, predominantly in 56% of the area.KEYWORDS: soil compaction; machinery traffic; agricultural mechanization. VARIABILIDADE ESPACIAL DA RESISTÊNCIA MECÂNICA À PENETRAÇÃO AVALIADA COM UNIDADE MÓVEL EM VERTISSOLO HÁPLICO CULTIVADO COM MANGA RESUMO:Com o advento da mecanização agrícola e o uso intensivo de máquinas e implementos agrícolas nas propriedades, o solo passou a receber maior carga do tráfego de máquinas, o que pode causar aumento da compactação do solo. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a variabilidade espacial da resistência mecânica do solo à penetração (RP), nas camadas de 0,00-0,10; 0,10-0,20; 0,20-0,30 e 0,30-0,40 m, por meio da geoestatística, em área cultivada com manga, em Vertissolo Háplico do semiárido nordestino, com unidade móvel equipada com penetrômetro eletrônico. A coleta de dados de RP foi realizada em 56 pontos de uma área de 3 ha, sendo tomadas também amostras aleatórias para a determinação da umidade e da textura do solo. Para a análise dos dados de RP, utilizou-se da estatística descritiva e da geoestatística. A resistência mecânica do solo à penetração apresentou variabilidade elevada, sendo ajustado o semivariograma esférico e exponencial nas camadas. Verificou-se que 42% da área na camada de 0,10-0,20 m apresentou valores de RP acima de 2,70 MPa. Foram encontrados valores máximos de RP, na camada de 0,19-0,27 m, predominante em 56% da área. PALAVRAS-CHAVE:compactação do solo; tráfego de máquinas; mecanização agrícola.

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Spatial variability of soil penetration resistance influenced by season of sampling

Cited by 13 publications

References 18 publications

Spatial Variability of Soil Fauna Under Different Land Use and Managements

Spatial Variability of Soil Fauna Under Different Land Use and Managements

Addition of amendments to restore a compacted soil under no-tillage system

Spatial variability of mechanical resistance to penetration evaluated with mobile unit on haplic vertisol cultivated with mango

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