Soybean-Derived Tripeptide Leu–Ser–Trp (LSW) Protects Human Vascular Endothelial Cells from TNFα-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation via Modulating TNFα Receptors and SIRT1

Abstract

Soybean is a rich source of high-quality proteins and an excellent food source of bioactive peptides. A tripeptide, Leu–Ser–Trp (LSW), was previously identified from soybean as an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory peptide. In the present work, we further studied its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in human vascular endothelial cells (EA.hy926) and elucidated the mechanisms underlying these biological activities. In tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)-stimulated EA.hy926 cells, LSW significantly inhibited oxidative stress, both reduced superoxide and malondialdehyde levels (p < 0.001), owing to its free-radical-scavenging ability. LSW treatment also mitigated the elevated protein expression of vascular adhesion molecule-1 (p < 0.001) and cyclooxygenase 2 (p < 0.01) via inhibition of NF-κB and p38/JNK signaling, respectively. Additionally, LSW also inhibited the endogenous formation of TNFα and attenuated the expression of its two receptors in EA.hy926 cells. Furthermore, LSW upregulated sirtuin-1 level, which partially contributed to its anti-inflammatory activity. These results demonstrate the multiple roles of LSW in ameliorating vascular endothelial oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, which support its uses as a nutraceutical or functional food ingredient for combating endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases.

Bioavailability and Metabolism of Bioactive Peptide IRW with Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) Upregulatory Activity in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

“…Given that the antihypertensive effects of IRW may result from elevated kynurenine levels, 11 we investigated the ACE2 upregulatory activity of kynurenine in cells. The doses of IRW and tryptophan were selected based on our previous studies, 24 while that of kynurenine was selected from a specific study where a concentration of 0.4 mM significantly increased ACE2 expression in two distinct lung epithelial cell types. 25 As shown in Figure 7B, both IRW and kynurenine significantly upregulated the ACE2 protein level in EA.hy926 cells.…”

Anti-Inflammatory Effect and Signaling Mechanism of Glycine max Hydrolyzed with Enzymes from Bacillus velezensis KMU01 in a Dextran-Sulfate-Sodium-Induced Colitis Mouse Model

“…In addition, active peptides from soybeans have been reported to be effective at treating various diseases [6]. The soybeanderived tripeptide, Leu-Ser-Trp (LSW), ameliorates vascular endothelial oxidative stress and inflammatory responses [11]. In a recent study, it was observed that traditional Korean fermented soybean foods, such as doenjang, demonstrated protective effects against colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in a mouse model [12].…”

Anti-Inflammatory Effect and Signaling Mechanism of Glycine max Hydrolyzed With Enzymes From Bacillus velezensis KMU01 in a Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis Mouse Model

“…In addition, active peptides from soybeans have been reported to be effective in treating various diseases [6]. The soybean-derived tripeptide, Leu-Ser-Trp (LSW), ameliorates vascular endothelial oxidative stress and inflammatory responses [11]. In a recent study, it was observed that traditional Korean fermented soybean foods, such as doenjang, demonstrated protective effects against colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in a mouse model [12].…”