Sources of groundwater and characteristics of surface-water recharge at Bell, White, and Suwannee Springs, Florida, 2012–13

Stamm, John F.; McBride, W. Scott

doi:10.3133/ofr20161190

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Several previous studies used water-chemistry data to improve hydrologic knowledge for seeps and springs across a range of geographic and geologic settings. Stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen were used to determine spring provenance (Mori and others, 2015;Stamm and McBride, 2016), to estimate the location of recharge areas (Blasch and Bryson, 2007;Kanduč and others, 2012), and to trace groundwater movement (Muir and Coplen, 1981). Greene (1997) and Naus and others (2001) used stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen in the Black Hills of South Dakota to trace groundwater flow paths in a karstic environment from sources of recharge to wells and springs several kilometers downgradient.…”

Section: Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spring types and contributing aquifers from water-chemistry and multivariate statistical analyses for seeps and springs in Theodore Roosevelt National Park, North Dakota, 2018

Medler¹,

Eldridge²

2021

Scientific Investigations Report

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Samples from rain collectors were collected when enough daily precipitation accumulated in the collectors. Sampled precipitation events during the study period were in May, June, July, August, and September 2018. Physical properties of sampled water-temperature, pH, and specific conductance-were measured in the field. Water samples were analyzed for stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen and for chloride concentration. Recharge rates for aquifers supplying springs were determined using precipitation volume and chloride concentrations for a 12-day period before the sample-collection date. Multivariate statistical analysis methods used on water-chemistry data included principal component analysis, cluster analysis, and end-member mixing analysis. Water composition was used to determine the spring type and contributing aquifers for 11 springs in the North and South Units of Theodore Roosevelt National Park from analyses of water-chemistry data between May and September 2018. In the North Unit, Achenbach Spring was classified as a filtration spring with water from an unconfined part of the upper Fort Union aquifer and infiltration of precipitation. Hagen Spring, Mandal Spring, and Stevens Spring were classified as contact springs supplied by semiconfined parts of the upper Fort Union aquifer. Overlook Spring at one time may have been a natural spring or seep but now is a developed spring that behaves like a flowing artesian well completed in a confined part of the upper Fort Union aquifer. In the South Unit, six springs were classified into two spring types: filtration and contact springs. Boicourt Spring and Sheep Butte Spring were classified as filtration springs that have water supplied by unconfined parts of the upper Fort Union aquifer and infiltrated precipitation. Big Plateau Spring, Lone Tree Spring, Sheep Pasture Spring, and Southeast Corner Spring were classified as contact springs that receive waters from a semiconfined part of the upper Fort Union aquifer. from the ground and flows or forms pools (Bryan, 1919). Springs commonly form when the side of a hill, a valley bottom, or other excavations intersect flowing groundwater at or below the local water table (U.S. Geological Survey, 2019). Seeps are a type of spring in which the water flows from pores in the ground over considerable areas (Bryan, 1919). Seeps occur from a slow movement of water through Unconfined aquifer water table Unconfined aquifer water table Rotational slump or landslide Low permeability unit Low permeability unit EXPLANATION Spring Groundwater level Groundwater flow direction Filtration Confined aquifer hydraulic head Confined aquifer hydraulic head spring or seep Flowing artesian spring Upper contact spring Lower contact spring Figure 3. Types of springs in the study area.

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Section: Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spring types and contributing aquifers from water-chemistry and multivariate statistical analyses for seeps and springs in Theodore Roosevelt National Park, North Dakota, 2018

Medler¹,

Eldridge²

2021

Scientific Investigations Report

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show abstract

“…If the back-calculated 3 H concentration approximates the known atmospheric concentration for the recharge year determined by the SF 6 method, then the SF 6 method is considered valid. The apparent age is estimated as the year in which observed tritium concentrations in north Florida equaled the back-calculated concentration (Stamm and McBride, 2016). Water samples that contained no measureable tritium have been isolated from the atmosphere since before bomb testing commenced, so the data are also useful for determining whether samples contain only water recharged prior to atomic bomb testing (Clark and Fritz, 1997).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 3 H data alone cannot be used to date groundwater in the way that SF 6 data can because the concentration is constantly changing because of radioactive decay-3 H has a half-life of 12.43 years. The SF 6 data were validated by back-calculating the 3 H concentration in the samples to the level that would have been present on the recharge year determined by the SF 6 method, on the basis of the decay rate of 3 H applied during that time period (McBride and Wacker, 2015;Stamm and McBride, 2016). If the back-calculated 3 H concentration approximates the known atmospheric concentration for the recharge year determined by the SF 6 method, then the SF 6 method is considered valid.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources of groundwater and characteristics of surface-water recharge at Bell, White, and Suwannee Springs, Florida, 2012–13

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Spring types and contributing aquifers from water-chemistry and multivariate statistical analyses for seeps and springs in Theodore Roosevelt National Park, North Dakota, 2018

Spring types and contributing aquifers from water-chemistry and multivariate statistical analyses for seeps and springs in Theodore Roosevelt National Park, North Dakota, 2018

Groundwater levels, geochemistry, and water budget of the Tsala Apopka Lake system, west-central Florida, 2004–12

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