Sonographic standards for normal infant kidney length

Sonographic measurement of splenic length: Correlation with measurement at autopsy

“…Interestingly, and of practical importance, the single maximum sonographic measurement was more accurate than the mean of the 3 sonographic measurements, in contrast to results using a similar sonographic method for assessing kidney length. 6 Several practical difficulties may prevent accurate sonographic measurements in cadavers. Not only does the absence of peristalsis make the bowel less easy to differentiate from solid viscera, but static, fluid-filled hollow viscera can have an echotexture very similar to that of the spleen.…”

Sonographic measurement of renal length in children: Does the position of the patient matter?

“…Measurements of kidney length and comparison of these measurements with normal standards are fundamental aspects of the sonographic examination of the upper urinary tract in children [1][2][3][4][5]. Comparison of measurements obtained over the course of sequential examinations permits assessment of renal growth over time [1,[6][7][8].…”

“…The standards published by Dinkel et al [3] were based on measurements made with patients lying prone with a pillow beneath the abdomen to decrease the lumbar lordosis. Blane et al [2] and Rosenbaum et al [5], on the other hand, obtained measurements with patients lying supine. Our demonstration of positional variation in the measurements suggests that clinical application of such standards would be most reliable if the method used for measuring renal length in the study population were reproduced as closely as possible in the clinical setting.…”

Sonographic measurement of absolute and relative renal length in adults

“…At least 5 consecutive measurements were done for each kidney while subjects were in each position (supine, prone, and left and right decubitus). Because renal length is related to body height, 2,6,7 the relative kidney length was calculated using the KBR by dividing the absolute renal length (in millimeters) by the subject's body height (in centimeters) for each kidney.…”