Sonographic fatty liver, overweight and ischemic heart disease

Lin, Yu‐Cheng; Lo, Huey‐Ming; Chen, Jong-Dar

doi:10.3748/wjg.v11.i31.4838

Cited by 113 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In both non-diabetic and type 2 diabetic individuals, those with ultrasound-diagnosed NAFLD have a higher prevalence of clinical CVD than do their non-steatotic counterparts, and this association is independent of obesity and traditional risk factors [26,29]. In patients consecutively submitted to undergo elective coronary angiography, NAFLD was correlated with a greater severity of coronary artery disease, independently of traditional risk factors and components of the metabolic syndrome [30].…”

Section: Nafld and Increased Prevalence Of Clinical Cvdmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The main cross-sectional [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] and prospective [11,[32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43] studies on the association between NAFLD and intermediate markers of CVDor clinical outcomes are shown in Tables 1 and 2 of the Electronic supplementary material. NAFLD, endothelial dysfunction, early carotid atherosclerosis and left ventricular dysfunction NAFLD is associated with circulatory endothelial dysfunction [16,17], a marker of early atherosclerosis. Compared with non-steatotic controls, non-diabetic patients with NAFLD show a significant decrease in brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation, which is related to the severity of NAFLD histology, independently of age, sex, BMI and HOMA-IR [16].…”

Section: Evidence Linking Nafld With Cvdmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increased risk of cardiovascular disease in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: causal effect or epiphenomenon?

2008

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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), comprising a spectrum of conditions ranging from pure steatosis to steatohepatitis and cirrhosis, has reached epidemic proportions and represents the most common cause of chronic liver disease in the community. The prevalence of NAFLD has been estimated to be between 20% and 30% in the general population, but this value is much higher (∼70-80%) in type 2 diabetic patients, who are also at higher risk of developing advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis. Increasing recognition of the importance of NAFLD and its strong relationship with the metabolic syndrome has stimulated an interest in the possible role of NAFLD in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Several epidemiological studies indicate that NAFLD, especially in its more severe forms, is linked to an increased risk of CVD, independently of underlying cardiometabolic risk factors. This suggests that NAFLD is not merely a marker of CVD, but may also be actively involved in its pathogenesis. The possible molecular mediators linking NAFLD and CVD include the release of pro-atherogenic factors from the liver (C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and other inflammatory cytokines) as well as the contribution of NAFLD per se to whole-body insulin resistance and atherogenic dyslipidemia, in turn favouring CVD progression. The clinical impact of NAFLD on CVD risk deserves particular attention in view of the implications for screening and surveillance strategies in the growing number of patients with NAFLD.

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Section: Nafld and Increased Prevalence Of Clinical Cvdmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Evidence Linking Nafld With Cvdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased risk of cardiovascular disease in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: causal effect or epiphenomenon?

2008

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“…19 In a study it was reported that the mean CIMT above 0.8 mm was associated with a higher prevalence of CAD. 20 Considering mean CIMT > 0.8 mm to be significantly associated with CAD, 43.47% NAFLD patients, 28.57% AFLD patients and 28.75% controls had CIMT >0.8 mm in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

To study the carotid intima media thickness in patients of fatty liver disease

et al. 2017

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Background: Fatty liver is associated with several atherosclerotic risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia. It has also been related to insulin resistance. This association was found in NIDDM patients as well as in non-diabetic subjects. An increased intima-media thickness (IMT) has been shown to be a risk factor for myocardial infarction and stroke. The aim of the present study is to investigate associations between hepatic steatosis and the risk of atherosclerosis.Methods: The present study was carried out on 88 patients of fatty liver disease and 80 controls in the department of General Medicine. An approximate equal number of age and sex matched persons without fatty liver were selected randomly as controls. Both fatty liver disease patients (i.e NAFLD and AFLD) and control group were further divided into two categories, one with risk factor for atherosclerosis and other without risk factors. Risk factors for atherosclerosis were taken according to ATP III guidelines.Results: When comparison of mean CIMT was done in NAFLD, AFLD and controls in a particular age group, significant difference was found in mean CIMT (both sides) in age group 40-49 yrs (p value 0.03, 0.002 for right and left respectively). The difference was also significant in mean CIMT of right in age group 18-24 yrs (p value 0.015) and in >60 years (p value 0.03). Among, NAFLD patients, for left mean CIMT p value was 0.0001, for right mean CIMT p value was 0.0001. Among AFLD patients, for left mean CIMT p value was 0.006 and for right mean CIMT p value was 0.0022. Only statistically significant difference was found in mean CIMT (left) in grade II fatty liver (p value 0.04). NAFLD and controls without risk factors for atherosclerosis, mean CIMT (both side) in NAFLD was found to be significantly more than control (p value 0.04). AFLD patients and controls without risk factors for atherosclerosis, mean CIMT of both side in AFLD patients was found to be significantly more than controls (p value for left CIMT 0.02 and for right CIMT 0.00001).Conclusions: CIMT was found to increase with advancing age in all three group i.e. NAFLD, AFLD and control group. CIMT was more in patients of fatty liver disease (both NAFLD and AFLD) having risk factor for atherosclerosis as compared to those without risk factors. Both NAFLD and AFLD are associated with increased CIMT in comparison to control group. As such all NAFLD and AFLD patients should be investigated for carotid atherosclerosis, as its early detection and management may be helpful in limiting the inherent complications of atherosclerosis.

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“…Notably, there have been numerous reports about associations of NAFLD and increased CVD prevalence. In a study with a large sample of middle-aged male workers they found that people with NAFLD were more likely to have CVD than those without it, even more, the association was independent of obesity and other prognostic factors (Lin et al, 2005). Another study showed that the occurrence of NAFLD was significantly higher in subjects with acute myocardial infarction and also, that the severity of coronary artery disease was greater in these individuals independent of age, sex and BMI (Kessler et al, 2005).…”

Section: Associations Of Nafld and Atherogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%