Some clinical effects of midazolam premedication in propofol-induced and isoflurane-maintained anaesthesia in dogs during ovariohysterectomy

Abstract

In a randomised, placebo-controlled clinical trial, anaesthesia was induced with propofol (4 mg/kg) after intravenous premedication with or without midazolam (0.1 mg/kg), in a group of 8 dogs scheduled for ovariohysterectomy. Midazolam administration induced acute behavioural changes, and increased reflex suppression after propofol induction. Compared to the control group, the dose required to obtain loss of the pedal reflex was significantly reduced by 37%, and the end-tidal isoflurane concentration during mainte-nance, reduced by 23 %.

A comparison of the effects of propofol and etomidate on the induction of anesthesia and on cardiopulmonary parameters in dogs

“…Propofol administered in an identical manner to that used in this study resulted in a dose of 4.8 mg kg )1 in dogs after diazepam 0.25 mg kg )1 (Braun et al 2007). Midazolam administered at a dose of 0.2 mg kg )1 intravenously 2 minutes prior to propofol induction over 60 seconds was found to induce acute behavioral changes (excitement) and decreased the dose of propofol (Stegmann & Bester 2001). It remains unclear why in our study the propofol dose used for induction was higher but one factor may be the use of purebred Beagles.…”

The effects of diazepam or midazolam on the dose of propofol required to induce anaesthesia in cats

“…However, the myoclonus was limited to mild muscle twitching, which was considered clinically insignificant, and occurred at an overall incidence of only 4.4% (Table ). This is much lower than the incidence of myoclonus in dogs, which varies from 14.4% to 95% (Stegmann & Bester ; Covey‐Crump & Murison ; Robinson & Borer‐Weir ).…”

“…) have been demonstrated. Benzodiazepine and propofol co‐inductions are becoming popular in veterinary medicine and have shown variable degrees of success in numerous studies in canine anaesthesia (Stegmann & Bester ; Covey‐Crump & Murison ; Robinson & Borer‐Weir ; Sanchez et al. ; Hopkins et al.…”

The Association of Shelter Veterinarians’ 2016 Veterinary Medical Care Guidelines for Spay-Neuter Programs

“…These can be delivered in combination with analgesics. 111,129,[152][153][154][155] Total IM anesthesia Administering a single injection that includes sedative, analgesic, and anesthetic induction agents may reduce patient pain and stress, compared with administering multiple injections. Combining premedications and anesthetic induction agents in a single injection is a useful technique for some spay-neuter programs.…”