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Sevoflurane resulted in a more rapid induction than did isoflurane. The MACawake for dogs was higher than values reported for both agents in humans. Care should be taken to ensure that dogs are at an appropriate anesthetic depth to prevent consciousness, particularly when single-agent inhalant anesthesia is used.

Establishing evidence-based practice is a difficult process. The authors describe an innovative collaborative project for establishing evidence-based practice in managing pain in pediatric oncology patients. Using the project as an example, they address the theoretical foundation to support evidence-based practice, barriers to adopting evidence, and strategies for overcoming barriers.

HistoryA 4-year-old 490-kg (1,080-lb) American Saddlebred gelding was referred to the University of Georgia Veterinary Teaching hospital for treatment of colic of approximately 24 hours' duration. The horse had initially been treated with flunixin meglumine, acepromazine, and probiotics by the trainer; the referring veterinarian, who examined the horse the following day because it still had signs of pains, administered detomidine and flunixin meglumine. Rectal examination at this time revealed distension of the large colon, and the horse was referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital because of ongoing signs of pain.On initial physical examination, the horse' s heart rate was high (52 beats/min). Rectal temperature (37.5 o C [99.5 o F]), respiratory rate (16 breaths/min), capillary refill time (< 2 seconds), and mucous membranes (pink and moist) were unremarkable, and no gastric reflux was obtained. Rectal palpation revealed loose feces with a gas-distended large colon, small colon impaction, and distension of the small colon with hairpin-like turns. The PCV (36%) and total solids concentration (7.1 g/ dL) measured at the time of initial examination were within reference limits. A CBC revealed leukopenia (3.2 X 10 3 WBCs/µL; reference range, 5.6 to 11.4 X 10 3 WBCs/µL) characterized by band neutrophilia (0.288 X 10 3 band neutrophils/µL; reference range, 0 to 0.1 X 10 3 band neutrophils/µL) and neutropenia (1.280 X 10 3 neutrophils/µL; reference range, 2.9 to 8.5 X 10 3 neutrophils/µL). Initial biochemical abnormalities included an anion gap of 15 mmol/L (reference range, 16 to 21 mmol/L), slightly high CO 2 content (30 mmol/L; reference range, 21 to 29 mmol/L), mild hypokalemia (2.8 mmol/L; reference range, 2.9 to 4.5 mmol/L), hyperglycemia (181 mg/dL; reference range, 64 to 132 mg/dL), and mild hyperalbuminemia (3.5 g/dL; reference range, 2.2 to 3.4 g/dL)