Somatic embryogenesis in a broad spectrum of grape genotypes

Oláh, Róbert; Zok, A.; Pedryc, A.; Howard, Susanne; Kovács, László

doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2008.10.003

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…SE was carried out according to the previously described method [ 36 ]. Briefly, inflorescences of the four mother plants were collected at developmental stage 5 [ 37 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

HTS-Based Monitoring of the Efficiency of Somatic Embryogenesis and Meristem Cultures Used for Virus Elimination in Grapevine

Turcsán¹,

Demián

Varga

et al. 2020

Plants

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Meristem culture and somatic embryogenesis are effective tools for virus elimination of vegetatively propagated crops including grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). While both have been shown to be useful to eliminate the main grapevine viruses, their efficiency differs depending on the virus and grapevine variety. In our work, we investigated the efficiency of these two virus elimination methods using small RNA high-throughput sequencing (HTS) and RT-PCR as virus diagnostics. Field grown mother plants of four clones representing three cultivars, infected with different viruses and viroids, were selected for elimination via somatic embryogenesis (SE) and meristem culture (ME). Our results show for the first time that using SE, elimination in mother plants was effective for all viruses, i.e., grapevine rupestris vein feathering virus (GRVFV), grapevine Syrah virus 1 (GSyV-1), Grapevine virus T (GVT) and grapevine Pinot gris virus (GPGV). This study also confirms previous studies showing that SE is a possible strategy for the elimination of GFkV, GRSPaV, HSVd, and GYSVd-1. Our results demonstrate that the efficacy of virus elimination via SE is relatively high while the purging of viroids is lower. Our work provides evidence that the efficiency of SE is comparable to that of the technically difficult ME technique, and that SE will offer a more effective strategy for the production of virus-free grapevine in the future.

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“…SE was carried out according to the previously described method [ 36 ]. Briefly, inflorescences of the four mother plants were collected at developmental stage 5 [ 37 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

HTS-Based Monitoring of the Efficiency of Somatic Embryogenesis and Meristem Cultures Used for Virus Elimination in Grapevine

Turcsán¹,

Demián

Varga

et al. 2020

Plants

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“…The action of 2.4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2.4-D) and that of thidiazuron (TDZ) are responsible for this callogenesis. A synergic and/or a complementary effect of auxin/cytokinin action in induction of somatic embryogenesis process were reported in many species such as Ricinodendron heudelotti (Fotso et al, 2007) and Vitis vinifera (Olah et al, 2009). This callogenesis success could be due to the high mobilization of soluble sugars during this development step.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Influence of the position of flowers buds on the tree on somatic embryogenesis of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.)

Rodrigue¹,

Olive²,

Audrey³

et al. 2016

Int. J. Plant Physiol. Biochem.

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The recalcitrance of Theobroma cacao L. to somatic embryogenesis, due to non-adapted physiological and metabolical responses to environmental stress, limits its propagation. The present work aims to ameliorate somatic embryogenesis in T. cacao throughout a physiological approach. For this purpose, the influence of the position of flowers buds used as explants was evaluated. Flowers buds were collected from different parts of the tree: orthotropic main stem (OS), primary plagiotropic fan branch (FI) and secondary plagiotropic fan branch (FII). Evolution of some biochemical parameters such as phenolic compounds, soluble sugars, proteins contents and peroxidase activity was followed at different steps of somatic embryogenesis, considering the origin of the explants used. Results obtained show that callogenesis is induced on all explants independently of their origin, with an 80% average frequency. Embryogenesis frequencies were ca 2 fold higher in staminodes-derived calluses from FII and FI than OS. Meanwhile petals of FII do not differentiate embryos. Biochemical analysis shows that the content of phenol is low in calluses during somatic embryo establishment. Explants from FII present the lowest values (after 49 th days of culture). Sugars content decrease during callogenesis. When embryos are established the sugars content decrease in explants from OS. During the same period, proteins' and phenols contents increased in staminodes-derived calluses from all origin; while there was decrease in petals from FI and FII. Buds from fan branch are suitable for somatic embryogenesis process and this capacity correlate with peroxidase activity which decrease during embryos dedifferentiation phase. (Wood et al., 1985). It is a diploid (2n=20) and preferentially allogamy plant. The root system has a growth dimorphism characterized by an orthotropic development axis, the pivot and plagiotropic lateral ramifications and lateral roots. Cocoa trunk is characterized by a vertical harbor (orthotropic), a phyllotaxis 3/8; long-stalked leaves, axillary orthotropic buds, a defined growth, differentiation of three to five plagiotropic buds under the apex, at the time of the degeneracy of the terminal bud. Cauliflorous tree, inflorescences cymes biparous with reduced inter-node develop at the flowering areas called flower cushions. The flowers are hermaphroditic, with small sizes (diameters ranging from 0.5 to 1 cm), regular and composed of 5 sepals, 5 petals, 5 staminodes, a pistil and an ovary. Pollination is predominantly entomophilous although it can be done manually in the experimental fields. Flowering in cocoa is manifested by the production of a minimum of 50 000 flowers during the term with less than 5% of production pods (Lass, 1999). Cocoa trees demonstrate a high degree of segregation for many traits when propagated by seeds. For this reason, clonal propagation systems such as rooted cuttings and grafting have been applied for multiplication of elite varieties but a vast majority of cocoa plants in production were derived f...

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“…The percentages of embryogenesis obtained in the present work were also higher than those reported from stamens and pistils by Prado et al [ 18 ], who achieved an E value of 23.0% in the Mencía cultivar in the best treatment, and Dhekney et al [ 17 ], who reported E values in the range from 0.4 to 35.0% for the best treatments in Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Pinot Gris, Pinot Noir, and Syrah explants. On the other hand, Oláh et al [ 32 ] did not obtained embryogenesis in anthers from the varieties Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Pinot Gris, or Pinot Noir when they used medium containing TDZ (0.22 μM) combined with 2,4-D (4.97 μM) and low efficiencies (E < 5%) were achieved in a medium with 2,4-D (5 μM) and 6-BA (0.44 μM). In the present work, an E value of 27% was achieved in the variety Syrah and E values in a range from 40 to 59% in Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Mencía, Merlot, Pinot Gris, and Pinot Noir.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Somatic embryogenesis from seeds in a broad range of Vitis vinifera L. varieties: rescue of true-to-type virus-free plants

et al. 2017

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BackgroundSomatic embryogenesis is the preferred method for cell to plant regeneration in Vitis vinifera L. However, low frequencies of plant embryo conversion are commonly found. In a previous work we obtained from cut-seeds of a grapevine infected with the Grapevine leafroll associated viruses 1 and 3 (GLRaV-1 and GLRaV-3), high rates of direct regeneration, embryo plant conversion and sanitation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of this procedure for regeneration of other grapevine varieties which include some infected with one to three common grapevine viruses (GLRaV-3, Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) and Grapevine fleck virus (GFkV)). As grapevine is highly heterozygous, it was necessary to select from among the virus-free plants those that regenerated from mother tissues around the embryo, (true-to-type).ResultsSomatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration were achieved in a first experiment, using cut-seeds from the 14 grapevine varieties Airén, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Mencía, Merlot, Monastrell, Petit Verdot, Pinot Blanc (infected by GFLV and GFkV), Pinot Gris, Pinot Meunier, Pinot Noir, Syrah, Tempranillo (infected by GFLV), and Verdil. All regenerated plants were confirmed to be free of GFkV whereas at least 68% sanitation was obtained for GFLV. The SSR profiles of the virus-free plants showed, in both varieties, around 10% regeneration from mother tissue (the same genetic make-up as the mother plant). In a second experiment, this procedure was used to sanitize the varieties Cabernet Franc, Godello, Merlot and Valencí Blanc infected by GLRaV-3, GFkV and/or GFLV.ConclusionsCut-seeds can be used as explants for embryogenesis induction and plant conversion in a broad range of grapevine varieties. The high regeneration rates obtained with this procedure facilitate the posterior selection of true-to-type virus-free plants. A sanitation rate of 100% was obtained for GFkV as this virus is not seed-transmitted. However, the presence of GLRaV-3 and GFLV in some of the regenerated plants showed that both viruses are seed-transmitted. The regeneration of true-to-type virus-free plants from all infected varieties indicates that this methodology may represent an alternative procedure for virus cleaning in grapevine.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12870-017-1159-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Somatic embryogenesis in a broad spectrum of grape genotypes

Cited by 22 publications

References 15 publications

HTS-Based Monitoring of the Efficiency of Somatic Embryogenesis and Meristem Cultures Used for Virus Elimination in Grapevine

HTS-Based Monitoring of the Efficiency of Somatic Embryogenesis and Meristem Cultures Used for Virus Elimination in Grapevine

Influence of the position of flowers buds on the tree on somatic embryogenesis of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.)

Somatic embryogenesis from seeds in a broad range of Vitis vinifera L. varieties: rescue of true-to-type virus-free plants

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