Somatic Embryogenesis and Plant Regeneration from Leaf Callus of Hordeum vulgare

Cereals are known to be recalcitrant to the induction of morphogenesis in vitro and the majority of the methods used are callus-mediated and species/genotype-dependent. In the present investigation, a method of morphogenesis induction from immature scutella of selected barley cultivars was used, and particular attention was paid to histology in the initial stages of the regeneration process in order to confirm whether it occurs directly or indirectly (via callus formation). The length of the period from inoculating scutella on the medium to obtaining plantlets depended on the cultivar and the individual scutellum of the barley and varied between 2.5–4 months. The regeneration efficiency and viability of barley scutella was revealed to be highly genotype dependent. The average number of regenerated plants per regenerating scutellum was highest in the case of cv Granal (3.7). A histological analysis of the cultured explants showed both non-morphogenic and morphogenic callus formation. Two types of indirect morphogenetic response were observed: organogenesis (shoot bud formation) and somatic embryogenesis. This is the first report concerning an analysis of in vitro regeneration from immature scutella of barley cultivars (Stratus, Ryton, Granal and Binal).

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“…Two types of callus proliferated: compact embryogenic and friable nonembryogenic. Other authors have reported similar results [25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

The effect of genotype on a barley scutella culture. Histological aspects

et al. 2013

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“…It is quite possible that genotypic specificity of each explant might be responsible in the control of such developmental changes in callus morphology (Table 3). Similar role of 2,4-D in callus induction has also been observed by (Lupotto, 1984;Mohanty and Ghosh, 1988;Hartke and Lorz, 1989;Zafar et al, 1992).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Role of Plant Growth Regulators (Auxin and Cytokinin) in Callus Induction in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) C.V. DM-25

Khan¹,

Hussain²,

Sadiq³

1999

Pakistan J. of Biological Sciences

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Methods were developed to optimize the media for callus induction from mature embryos of indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) CV. DM-25. Callusing from seeds of rice was observed with various levels of 2,4-d alone and in combination with different concentratiom of benzyl adenine. With the gradual increase of 2,4-d concentration in callus induction medium, there was gradual increase in callusing frequency.

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“…medium composition [6,[12][13][14][15], levels and types of phytohormones [6,[16][17][18], length of time in culture [18][19][20], embryo size [12,17,21] and cultivar [6,[13][14][15]21,22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Callus Quality and Prolonged Regenerability in Model and Recalcitrant Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Cultivars.

Jiang¹,

Cho²,

Lemaux³

1998

Plant Biotechnology

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In vitro performance of immature embryo-derived callus of two barley cultivars, the amenable cultivar, Golden Promise (GP) and the recalcitrant commercial cultivar, Galena (GL), was tested on fourteen media containing combinations of two auxins, dicamba and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and two cytokinins, 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and zeatin. Generalizations for both cultivars include the fact that callus induction frequencies on dicamba and 2,4-D alone and dicamba plus zeatin were nearly 100%.Qualitative appearance for both cultivars was nearly identical on comparable media but markedly better on BAP-containing media.The addition of zeatin with either auxin supported vigorous growth due to the proliferation of nonregenerable callus; the presence of BAP produced higher quality callus although it inhibited the relative growth rate. GP calli grown on 2,4-D plus 0.01 mg/L BAP regenerated the largest number of green shoots at most time points relative to other media, while GL tissue on 2,4-D plus 0.1 mg/L BAP yielded the most green shoots at all but one time point. Over time regenerability was lost more rapidly in GL than GP except on 2,4-D plus BAP media; GL had a higher propensity toward albinism than GP. In both cultivars, the use of 2,4-D and BAP yielded tissue that proliferated for prolonged periods in a regenera-ble state.

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Somatic Embryogenesis and Plant Regeneration from Leaf Callus of Hordeum vulgare

Cited by 23 publications

References 8 publications

The effect of genotype on a barley scutella culture. Histological aspects

The effect of genotype on a barley scutella culture. Histological aspects

Role of Plant Growth Regulators (Auxin and Cytokinin) in Callus Induction in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) C.V. DM-25

Improved Callus Quality and Prolonged Regenerability in Model and Recalcitrant Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Cultivars.

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