Solution processing of two-dimensional black phosphorus

Lewis, Edward A.; Brent, Jack R.; Derby, Brian; Haigh, Sarah J.; Lewis, David J.

doi:10.1039/c6cc09658a

Cited by 68 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 162 publications

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“…Liquid‐phase exfoliation (LPE) is a promising and potentially scalable method to produce colloidal dispersions of phosphorene nanosheets in solution . Producing phosphorene nanosheets in common solvents using ultrasonic treatments is the most widely used LPE method .…”

Section: Detailed Pv Parameters Of the Pscs Fabricated Based On Tio2‐mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) is a promising and potentially scalable method to produce colloidal dispersions of phosphorene nanosheets in solution. [22] Producing phosphorene nanosheets in common solvents using ultrasonic treatments is the most widely used LPE method. [23,24] However, in order to efficiently exfoliate the bulk BP crystals, long processing times (several hours) are required, [10,23] which increases the overall production cost and creates anomalous structural defects in the as-produced nanosheets.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Efficient Production of Phosphorene Nanosheets via Shear Stress Mediated Exfoliation for Low‐Temperature Perovskite Solar Cells

Batmunkh

Vimalanathan

et al. 2019

Small Methods

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A simple and fast “top‐down” protocol is introduced herein to prepare solution processable few‐layer phosphorene nanosheets using vortex fluidic mediated exfoliation under near‐infrared (NIR) pulsed laser irradiation. This novel shear‐exfoliation method requires short processing times and produces highly crystalline, atomically thin phosphorene nanosheets (4.3 ± 0.4 nm). The as‐prepared phosphorene nanosheets are used as an effective electron transporting material (ETM) for low‐temperature processed, planar n‐i‐p perovskite solar cells (PSCs). With the addition of phosphorene, the average power conversion efficiency (PCE) increases from 14.32% to 16.53% with a maximum PCE of 17.85% observed for the phosphorene incorporated PSCs which is comparable to the devices made using the traditional high‐temperature protocol. Experimental and theoretical (density‐functional theory) investigations reveal the PCE improvements are due to the high carrier mobility and suitable band energy alignment of the phosphorene. The work not only paves the way for novel synthesis of 2D materials, but also opens a new avenue in using phosphorene as an efficient ETM in photovoltaic devices.

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Section: Detailed Pv Parameters Of the Pscs Fabricated Based On Tio2‐mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Production of Phosphorene Nanosheets via Shear Stress Mediated Exfoliation for Low‐Temperature Perovskite Solar Cells

Batmunkh

Vimalanathan

et al. 2019

Small Methods

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“…Reliable methods for preparing high‐quality phosphorene are critical for practical applications. Two categories, e.g., the top‐down and bottom‐up approaches, are generally utilized for the preparation of ultrathin layered materials . The top‐down methods mainly rely on exfoliation of bulk crystals into mono‐ or few‐layer nanosheets by weakening the interlayer interaction chemically or mechanically, while the bottom‐up methods are based on the chemical synthesis, such as CVD, wet‐chemical synthesis, and epitaxial process.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Black Phosphorus Crystals and Phosphorenementioning

confidence: 99%

2D Black Phosphorus for Energy Storage and Thermoelectric Applications

Zhang

Zheng

Rui

et al. 2017

Small

144

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Recent progress in the currently available methods of producing black phosphorus bulk and phosphorene are presented. The effective passivation approaches toward improving the air stability of phosphorene are also discussed. Furthermore, the research efforts on the phosphorene and phosphorene-based materials for potential applications in lithium ion batteries, sodium ion batteries, and thermoelectric devices are summarized and highlighted. Finally, the outlook including challenges and opportunities in these research fields are discussed.

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“…Unlike white phosphorus (WP) with a low ignition point or red phosphorus (RP) with a limited electronic conductivity, BP is the most thermodynamically stable phase of the three main phosphorus allotropes under standard condition . Furthermore, the carrier mobility of BP is extremely high (>1000 cm 2 V −1 s −1 ) …”

Section: Physicochemical Properties Of Products Obtained After Microwmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile One‐Step Synthesis of Black Phosphorus via Microwave Irradiation with Excellent Photocatalytic Activity

Zhang

et al. 2018

Part & Part Syst Charact

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A rapid one‐step microwave‐assisted liquid‐phase synthesis (MLS) method of black phosphorus (BP) is reported for the first time in this work. Under microwave irradiation, BP is generated within 45 min. The lattice spaces of the as‐prepared BP are determined as 0.338 and 0.158 nm, belonging to the (021) and (220) planes of BP, respectively. BP is grown in situ on red phosphorus (RP), which can be used directly as a metal‐free photocatalyst. The coupled BP–RP heterostructure exhibits an excellent performance in visible‐light photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue with BP acting as cocatalyst. The enhanced photocatalytic activity of BP–RP heterostructure compared with RP itself is obtained and explained in terms of the efficient separation of photogenerated electrons (eCB−) and holes (h+) due to the well‐matched energy level of BP and RP. The new‐developed MLS method holds great promise for developing an easy and efficient preparation method of BP for photocatalytic applications.

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Solution processing of two-dimensional black phosphorus

Cited by 68 publications

References 162 publications

Efficient Production of Phosphorene Nanosheets via Shear Stress Mediated Exfoliation for Low‐Temperature Perovskite Solar Cells

Efficient Production of Phosphorene Nanosheets via Shear Stress Mediated Exfoliation for Low‐Temperature Perovskite Solar Cells

2D Black Phosphorus for Energy Storage and Thermoelectric Applications

Facile One‐Step Synthesis of Black Phosphorus via Microwave Irradiation with Excellent Photocatalytic Activity

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