Solid‐state transformers: An overview of the concept, topology, and its applications in the smart grid

Abstract

The development of power systems and the move to smart grid have increased the need for new technologies. In this regard, solid-state transformers have been proposed as a suitable alternative to conventional transformers. Solidstate transformers are among the equipment based on power electronic converters that in addition to better performance than conventional transformers provide a variety of other services. In this article, the concept and types of solid-state transformer topologies and configurations and their applications, especially in smart grid, are investigated. Studies show that the various characteristics of solid-state transformers have led to much consideration as potential transformers in smart grid applications, the integration of distributed generation sources, modern traction systems, and so on.

Comparison of Efficiency-Based Optimal Load Distribution for Modular SSTs with Biologically Inspired Optimization Algorithms

“…There is no doubt in the technical soundness of SSTs over LFTs; however, cost is the barrier hindering the path of adoption of SSTs. SSTs may not be suitable for conventional AC systems; however, SSTs do possess the tendency of providing better economics considering the efficiency analysis [54]. Passive devices installed in the SST are the major cost concern, speculations exist the mass production of SSTs may reduce the cost.…”

Mogućnosti Primene Energetskih Elektronskih Transformatora

“…Transformator se sastoji od dva (ili više) spregnuta namotaja ili jednog namotaja sa više izvoda i u većini slučajeva, magnetnog jezgra koje koncentriše magnetni fluks. Brojne su prednosti ovakvog rešenja: jednostavna struktura, visoka pouzdanost i efikasnost, dug vek trajanja, jednostano priključenje na električnu mrežu, relativno niska cena i dr. Ipak, uprkos širokoj upotrebi, ovaj transformator ima i odgovarajuće nedostatke, koji su vezani za njegove velike gabarite i težinu, za ugrožavanje životne sredine usled primene mineralnog transformatorskog ulja, koje je kancerogeno, kao i generisanja elektromagnetnih smetnji u neposrednoj okolini, te pojave zujanja i buke i dr. Sve ovo dalo je istraživačima motivaciju da se traga za naprednijim rešenjima, a jedno od najprespektivnijih je EET [2][3][4][5]:…”

“…EET su energetski transformatori napravljeni od elemenata energetske elektronike, što znači da nemaju klasične namote kao konvencionalni transformatori te omogućavaju povezivanje mreža različitih karakteristika [5,6]. Elektronski transformator je zapravo konverter AC/AC, vrsta pretvarača električne energije, koji zamenjuje konvencionalni transformator.…”

“…Stanica brzog punjenja električnih vozila zasnovana na tehnologiji EET[5] 6. PROBLEMI I IZAZOVI BUDUĆEG RAZVOJA TEHNOLOGIJE EET Razvoj elektronskog transformatora u poslednjoj deceniji privukao je veliku pažnju komercijalista kao zamena konvencionalnog transformatora.…”

Integral sliding mode based direct power control of isolated DC‐DC converter for improved voltage regulation

“…For high gain dc‐dc conversion, DAB is preferable as it provides isolation between source and load. The DAB converter has become a preferable option for various applications, namely, in electric vehicles, 2 dc‐microgrid, 3 renewable energy systems, 4,5 solid‐state transformers (SST), 6 and energy storage systems 7 . The literature proposes various modulation and control schemes for DAB converters, and their applications are presented in literature 8 .…”