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Substation expansion planning (SEP), as a major module of power system planning modules, is addressed in this paper. For long-term transmission SEP, a new approach based on a genetic algorithm (GA) optimization tool is proposed, in which by defining appropriate objective function and various constraints, new as well as expansion of existing substation requirements are determined. The proposed algorithm is successfully tested for the Iranian Power Grid in 2011.Index Terms-Genetic algorithm (GA), optimization, power system planning, substation expansion planning (SEP).

This paper addresses the problem of a multiyear security constrained hybrid generation-transmission expansion planning. It is assumed that the overall generation requirements of a network are known along the planning horizon, but their allocations are unknown. Moreover the fuel cost throughout the network is not uniform. By allocating the overall generation capacity among the grid nodes, and determining the new transmission element additions along the planning horizon, the overall cost of the system is minimized. The problem is formulated as a mixed integer nonlinear programming problem, which for a large-scale system is very difficult to solve. In this paper a new constructive heuristic approach is proposed, so that the problem can be readily solved. To assess the capabilities of the proposed approach, two networks are studied: the Garver test grid as a small grid and the Iranian power grid as a large-scale grid.Index Terms-Fuel supply cost, generation-transmission expansion planning, mixed integer nonlinear programming.

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In respect to increasing demand for energy in the world and limited fossil fuel resources, there is a great need for using renewable energies (REs). One of the most attractive applications of RE technology is the application of hybrid energy systems in remote areas. An alternative to overcoming the intermittence of RE sources, such as the sun and wind (are freely available and environmental friendly), is to develop the hybrid energy system where excess electrical energy could be converted and stored. These sources combined with energy storage would provide a better system reliability making it suitable for stand-alone applications. They have been integrated and worked at the Taleghan renewable energies site in Iran. The National Renewable Energy Laboratory's hybrid optimization model for electric renewables simulation software has been used to carry out the optimal design and techno-economic viability of energy system in this study. The simulation results demonstrate that for hybrid energy system is consists of 0.8 kW PV modules, two wind turbines (0.4 kW each), 2.5 kW inverter, and 8 batteries (200 Ah and 12 V). The cost of energy is 1.655 US$/kWh, whereas the initial capital required, and net present costs are, 22998 US$ and 24623 US$, respectively.