Solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems for oral delivery of polypeptide-k: Formulation, optimization, in-vitro and in-vivo antidiabetic evaluation

Coadministration of Polypeptide-k and Curcumin Through Solid Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System for Better Therapeutic Effect Against Diabetes Mellitus: Formulation, Optimization, Biopharmaceutical Characterization, and Pharmacodynamic Assessment

“…All the other chemicals and instruments used in this study were same as reported in the previous study. 5…”

“…The solubility of PPK was found to be maximum in Labrafil M1944CS (LMCS) as oil, Tween-80 as surfactant, and Transcutol P (TP) as cosurfactant. 5 Similarly, various oils viz. castor oil, peanut oil, coconut oil, sesame oil, sunflower oil, cotton seed oil, oleic acid, eucalyptus oil, Labrafac, Capmul MCM, Capryol 90, olive oil, LMCS, soyabean oil, Lauroglycol Ò FCC, Maisine 35-1, Miglyol 812N, Cithrol GMSCRM, Mustard oil, Triacetin, and glycerol monostearate were used as oils; polyethylene glycol 200-800, PG, Tween 20-80, Span 20-80, 1% w/v hydroethanolic solution (1:1) of egg phosphatidyl choline, as well as soya phosphatidyl choline and Labrasol were used as oils; and TP as well as ethanol were used as cosurfactants.…”

“…11 In a recent study, solid SNEDDS (S-SNEDDS) of PPK was reported. 5 The developed delivery system was found more efficacious for the treatment of diabetes as compared with its unprocessed form in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced rat model.…”

“…4 The two drugs, polypeptide-k (PPK) and curcumin (CRM), are well reported for their antidiabetic activities. [5][6][7][8] The dried ripened seeds of Momordica charantia are extracted to obtain PPK, while CRM is obtained from dried rhizomes of Curcuma longa. 6,8 Despite having very good antidiabetic potential, both the drugs suffer from poor aqueous solubility and gastrointestinal (GI) degradation that further leads to limited oral bioavailability.…”

“…6,8 Despite having very good antidiabetic potential, both the drugs suffer from poor aqueous solubility and gastrointestinal (GI) degradation that further leads to limited oral bioavailability. 5,9 There are many approaches such as particle size reduction, complexation, solid dispersion, liquisolid compacts, prodrugs, and metastable polymorph generation that could overcome the release rate-limited bioavailability of drugs; however, overcoming the challenges related to oral bioavailability due to gastric/enzymatic degradation of these drugs is a consistent challenge.…”