Untreated anterior cruciate ligament injuries in 97 knees of 87 patients were reviewed after a mean interval of six years. After their initial recovery 63% of the patients were able to return to their pre-injury sport, but six years later 27% of them had deteriorated to the extent that they could not cope with the same level of sport. Radiological deterioration was maximal in those that had had a meniscectomy more than five years before review. Knees with intact menisci were often radiologically normal despite continuing instability.
The consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) is considered a risk factor for obesity development. Nonetheless, a causal role of dietary fat has never been documented, because of inadequate animal models. In our study, one group of rats was fed with standard rat diet, while other group of rats fed with high-fat diet for 4 weeks. After 4 weeks of feeding, the hemodynamic parameters in the rats fed with HFD were significantly increased as compared with control rats. Rats fed with HFD had elevated levels of serum lipids, insulin, leptin, glucose and apolipoprotein B. Lipid peroxides and caspase-3 levels were increased while serum apolipoprotein A1 and antioxidant enzymes levels in heart tissues were decreased in HFD-induced obesity in rats as compared to normal healthy control rats fed on standard rat pellet diet. This model of diet-induced obesity will be a useful tool for studying the mechanisms by which dietary fat induces the obesity in humans.
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