Soil-Plant Phytotoxicity and its Possible Significance in Patterning of Herbaceous Vegetation in a Bottomland Forest

Lodhi, M. A. K.

doi:10.2307/2441940

Cited by 24 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…The possible mechanisms of impact are shading [27] and the allelopathic effect of phenolic compounds [14] which are released from leaf litter. The concentration of these compounds in soil solution is varied, but the effect of these substances is higher in early spring [51]. Shading, manifested by the high cover of the Fallopia canopy which was already mentioned, according to some sources may inhibit the germination of plants.…”

Section: Impact Of Fallopia Complex Members On Resident Plant Speciesmentioning

confidence: 95%

The influence of invasive Fallopia taxa on resident plant species in two river valleys (southern Poland)

et al. 2015

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Riparian zones in two rivers in southern Poland were studied in terms of species composition and soil parameters in patches dominated by three knotweed taxa (Fallopia japonica, F. sachalinensis and the hybrid F. ×bohemica). The main purpose was to detect any differences in species diversity, environmental conditions and in the impact of the three Fallopia spp. on resident species. Fieldwork was conducted in spring and summer in 30 invaded plots (in total 90 subplots). It was demonstrated that vegetation dominated by particular knotweed taxa differed in response to soil pH and ammonium, nitrate, and magnesium content. Fallopia spp. (living plants and necromass) had a stronger negative impact on the cover and species diversity of the resident species in summer in comparison with spring. Vegetation patches differed significantly in species composition in relation to the knotweed taxa present. These differences may be the consequence of the differentiated biotopic requirements of Fallopia taxa and the coexisting plants, or to the different impact of the knotweed taxa on the resident species.

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Section: Impact Of Fallopia Complex Members On Resident Plant Speciesmentioning

confidence: 95%

The influence of invasive Fallopia taxa on resident plant species in two river valleys (southern Poland)

et al. 2015

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“…Given its aim, the study was limited to laboratory conditions, but in order to demonstrate the real significance of the results in invaded communities, further research is needed in the context of soil ecology (Inderjit and Weiner 2001;Hierro and Callaway 2003;Inderjit and Callaway 2003;Inderjit and Nielsen 2003;Inderjit et al 2008). When interpreting the results, it must therefore be borne in mind that concentrations of phytotoxic allelopathic com pounds in the field might be lower than those applied in our study, due to the gradual leaching of compounds from leaves over time and spatiotemporal dynamics of this process (Lohdi 1975).…”

Section: Limitations Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Phenology thus plays a role in deter mining how the possible effect of allelochemicals and shading might operate on a given species. The effect of phenolic compounds is higher in early spring (Lohdi 1975) and for Fallopia species, early seasonal development is typical (Marigo and Pautou 1998). In temperate conditions of Central Europe, Fallopia quickly builds a dense leaf canopy from April to May (Brabec and Pyšek 2000).…”

Section: Potential For Allelopathic Effects In Fallopia Taxamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As pointed out by Baskin and Baskin (1998), light filtered through the canopy can make seeds more sen sitive to other environmental factors such as moisture, and thus organic compounds released into the soil could play a role in inhibiting germination until other environ mental factors induce dormancy. Phenolic compounds released from leaf litter on the forest floor are permanently present in soil solution but their concentration varies in the course of the vegetation period (Lohdi 1975). Phenology thus plays a role in deter mining how the possible effect of allelochemicals and shading might operate on a given species.…”

Section: Potential For Allelopathic Effects In Fallopia Taxamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential phytotoxic and shading effects of invasive Fallopia (Polygonaceae) taxa on the germination of native dominant species

Moravcová¹,

Pyšek²,

Jaros̆ı́k³

et al. 2011

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Citation: Moravcová L, Pyšek P, Jarošík V, Zákravský P (2011) Potential phytotoxic and shading effects of invasive Fallopia (Polygonaceae) taxa on the germination of native dominant species. NeoBiota 9: 31-47. doi: 10.3897/neobiota.9.1266 Abstract Two species of the genus Fallopia (F. sachalinensis, F. japonica, Polygonaceae) native to Asia, and their hy brid (F. ×bohemica), belong to the most noxious plant invaders in Europe. They impact highly on invaded plant communities, resulting in extremely poor native species richness. The low number of native species in invaded communities points to the possible existence of mechanisms suppressing their germination. In this study we assessed, under laboratory conditions, whether there are phytotoxic effects of the three Fallopia congeners on seed germination of three target species: two native species commonly growing in habi tats that are often invaded by Fallopia taxa (Urtica dioica, Calamagrostis epigejos), and Lepidium sativum, a species commonly used in allelopathic bioassays as a control. Since Fallopia taxa form dense stands with high cover, we included varying light conditions as an additional factor, to simulate the effects of shading by leaf canopy on germination. The effects of aqueous extracts (2.5%, 5.0%, and 0% as a control) from dry leaves and rhizomes of the Fallopia congeners on germination of the target species were thus studied under two light regimes, simulating full daylight (white light) and light filtered through canopy (green light), and in dark as a control regime. Rhizome extracts did not affect germination. Light treatments yielded inconclusive results, indicating that poor germination and establishment of species in invaded stands is unlikely to be caused by shading alone. However, we found a pronounced phytotoxic effect of leaf extracts of Fallopia taxa, more so at 5.0% than 2.5% extract concentration. NeoBiotaLenka Moravcová et al. / NeoBiota 9: 31-47 (2011) 32 exerted the largest negative effect on the germination of Urtica dioica, F. ×bohemica on that of C. epigejos, and F. japonica had invariably the lowest inhibitory effect on all test species. The weak phytotoxic effect of F. japonica corresponds to the results of previous studies that found this species to be generally a weaker competitor than its two congeners. Although these results do not necessarily provide direct evidence for allelopathic effects in the field, we demonstrate the potential phytotoxic effect of invasive Fallopia taxa on the germination of native species. This suggests that allelopathy may play a role in the impact of Fallopia invasion on species diversity of invaded communities.

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“…Senecio sylvaticus not only causes selfelimination, but also prevents occupation by other species in the second year, except for the aggressive pen-rooted weed Erigeron canadensis. Allelopathic effects of Senecio sylvatieus cannot be excluded, especially in comparison to allelopathic effects in other forest communities (Lodhi, 1975;Horsley, 1977) and in grassland (Turkington & Cavers, 1979). Only in the third year Rumex acetosella, Holcus lanatus and Chamaenerion angustifolium were to be found in the initial Senecio plots.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

An experimental approach to the study of species interference in a patchy vegetation

Andel

Nelissen

1981

Vegetatio

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In natural vegetation~ individuals of different species are more often than not distributed contagiously and arranged as patches. In experimental studies on interference between plant species, this aspect has been neglected.In the experimental approach presented here the vegetation (seven plant species characteristic of woodland clearings) consists of a mosaic of hexagons of 16 m 2 each, in such a way that each monospecific plot of the honeycomb was surrounded by six hexagons planted with other species. In addition, there were separate hexagons without adjacent neighbours. In this way the fate of plants in plots, with and without the influence of vegetatively expanding neighbours could be compared.Ecological advantages of the method applied are a) a high degree of similarity with natural patterns of vegetation, b) the opportunity for the different species to consolidate their own microhabitat, which might have repercussions with regard to succession, c) the comparability of different monocultures with the corresponding units in the mixture.The species specific plant growth (and concurrent capture of nutrients) played an important role in the mechanism of interference (and subsequent succession). Allelopathic effects cannot be excluded.

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Soil-Plant Phytotoxicity and its Possible Significance in Patterning of Herbaceous Vegetation in a Bottomland Forest

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

The influence of invasive Fallopia taxa on resident plant species in two river valleys (southern Poland)

The influence of invasive Fallopia taxa on resident plant species in two river valleys (southern Poland)

Potential phytotoxic and shading effects of invasive Fallopia (Polygonaceae) taxa on the germination of native dominant species

An experimental approach to the study of species interference in a patchy vegetation

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