Soil Burial Degradation of Oil Palm Shell (OPS) Nanofiller and Phenol Formaldehyde (PF) Resin-Impregnated Oil Palm Trunk Lumber (OPTL): Dimensional Stability and Mechanical Properties

Abstract

In the present study, oil palm trunk lumber (OPTL) was chemically modified by impregnation with oil palm shell (OPS) nanofiller and phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin as a bulking agent (polymer matrix). A vacuum-pressure technique was used to impregnate OPTL stakes with phenol formaldehyde (PF) and OPS nanoparticles at 1, 3, 5, and 10% w/w. The resulting composite materials were buried in soil according to the BS EN ISO 846 standard for 6 and 12 months. After the designated burial period, structural and morphological changes in OPTL stakes were analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. Furthermore, dimensional stability and mechanical properties of the samples were assessed according to the standards. Water absorption of OPTL stakes was greatly reduced with PF-OPS nanofiller, resulting in less decay. Weight loss of the OPTL samples decreased with increasing OPS nanofiller concentration. Moreover, there was no significant decrease in physical and mechanical properties after 12 months of soil burial when compared with those at 6 months. The results of the study indicated that OPS nanofiller impregnation protected OPTL against microbial degradation during soil burial and 5% addition of OPS nanofiller in PF resin were sufficient to limit the decay by microbes. Therefore it can be concluded that PF-OPS nanofiller impregnation into OPTL might be a good alternative for microbial resistant of wood products.

Perluasan Kinerja Akustik Limbah Kayu Batang Kelapa Sawit Termodifikasi Bahan Formaldehida

“…Sampel BKS dipilih dari bagian bawah batang pohon yaitu sekitar 1-2 meter dari permukaan tanah, dari bagian batang luar (Gambar 2), diambil dari bagian periferal BKS dan kemudian dipotong-potong dengan dimensi panjang x lebar x tebal adalah (15 × 5 × 5) cm. Semua sampel uji dikeringkan dalam oven pada suhu 60℃ selama 24 jam untuk mencegah penyusutan dilanjutkan dengan pengeringan dalam oven pada suhu (1032)°C selama 24 jam hingga mencapai kadar air sampel kurang dari 10% untuk siap dimodifikasi [22]. Sampel-sampel kering disimpan pada suhu kamar sebelum diberi perlakuan.…”

Using kraft black liquor on coconut wood (Cocos nucifera) through impregnation with vacuum pressure method

“…Several studies have investigated the wood quality enhancement by using resin impregnation (Deka et al 2003;Furuno et al 2004;Abdul Khalil et al 2012;Soltani et al 2013;Dungani et al 2013Dungani et al , 2016Ma et al 2016;Papadopoulos et al 2019). In general, they found that the impregnation of phenol-formaldehyde into wood has resulted in a higher physical, mechanical and dimensional stability properties of wood.…”