SOFC Running on Biogas: Identification and Experimental Validation of "Safe" Operating Conditions

Girona, Kelly; Laurencin, Jérôme; Petitjean, Marie; Fouletier, J.; Lefebvre‐Joud, Florence

doi:10.1149/1.3205629

Cited by 28 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The thermodynamic calculations are useful to adjust initial fuel compositions or cell voltage in order to limit carbon formation. The durability of the cell operated in biogas internal reforming was studied over 400 h. Preliminary results have been published [52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Carbon deposition in CH4/CO2 operated SOFC: Simulation and experimentation studies

Girona

Laurencin

Fouletier

et al. 2012

Journal of Power Sources

108

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results were confirmed experimentally, and will be the subject of another paper under progress. Preliminary results have been published [52].…”

Section: Carbon Formation Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon deposition in CH4/CO2 operated SOFC: Simulation and experimentation studies

Girona

Laurencin

Fouletier

et al. 2012

Journal of Power Sources

108

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“…SOFCs' operation on biogas along with their potential utilization for biogas-CHP have been extensively studied, and the relevant research has been repeatedly reviewed [5,18]. The relevant research has focused on SOFCs' operating conditions [22], biogas pre-reforming [23], the impurities effect on the activity of the anode [24][25][26] and prototype testing [12,27,28], including the combined processes of artificial biogas desulfurization, pre-reforming and SOFC short stacks [29]. The CO 2 content of biogas is generally considered to assist the internal reforming of its CH 4 content within the SOFC's anode and to only slightly affect the SOFC's performance [9,19,27,30,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic Feasibility of Power/Heat Cogeneration by Biogas–Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) Integrated Systems

et al. 2022

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Based upon the thermodynamic simulation of a biogas-SOFC integrated process and the costing of its elements, the present work examines the economic feasibility of biogas-SOFCs for combined heat and power (CHP) generation, by the comparison of their economic performance against the conventional biogas-CHP with internal combustion engines (ICEs), under the same assumptions. As well as the issues of process scale and an SOFC’s cost, examined in the literature, the study brings up the determinative effects of: (i) the employed SOFC size, with respect to its operational point, as well as (ii) the feasibility criterion, on the feasibility assessment. Two plant capacities were examined (250 m3·h−1 and 750 m3·h−1 biogas production), and their feasibilities were assessed by the Internal Rate of Return (IRR), the Net Present Value (NPV) and the Pay Back Time (PBT) criteria. For SOFC costs at 1100 and 2000 EUR·kWel−1, foreseen in 2035 and 2030, respectively, SOFCs were found to increase investment (by 2.5–4.5 times, depending upon a plant’s capacity and the SOFC’s size) and power generation (by 13–57%, depending upon the SOFC’s size), the latter increasing revenues. SOFC-CHP exhibits considerably lower IRRs (5.3–13.4% for the small and 16.8–25.3% for the larger plant), compared to ICE-CHP (34.4%). Nonetheless, according to NPV that does not evaluate profitability as a return on investment, small scale biogas-SOFCs (NPVmax: EUR 3.07 M) can compete with biogas-ICE (NPV: EUR 3.42 M), for SOFCs sized to operate at 70% of the maximum power density (MPD) and with a SOFC cost of 1100 EUR·kWel−1, whereas for larger plants, SOFC-CHP can lead to considerably higher NPVs (EUR 12.5–21.0 M) compared to biogas-ICE (EUR 9.3 M). Nonetheless, PBTs are higher for SOFC-CHP (7.7–11.1 yr and 4.2–5.7 yr for the small and the large plant, respectively, compared to 2.3 yr and 3.1 yr for biogas-ICE) because the criterion suppresses the effect of SOFC-CHP-increased revenues to a time period shorter than the plant’s lifetime. Finally, the economics of SOFC-CHP are optimized for SOFCs sized to operate at 70–82.5% of their MPD, depending upon the SOFC cost and the feasibility criterion. Overall, the choice of the feasibility criterion and the size of the employed SOFC can drastically affect the economic evaluation of SOFC-CHP, whereas the feasibility criterion also determines the economically optimum size of the employed SOFC.

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“…CO 2 reforming (known as dry reforming) is a promising option for SOFC systems, simplifying the process due to the compacted water supply circulation system compared to steam reforming. Moreover, dry reforming is attractive for use in biogas-fueled SOFCs because biogas already contains CO 2 (3)(4)(5), which can be used via CO 2 recirculation from the anode off-gas system (6) or a CO 2 reutilization system from carbon capture system. Dry reforming is described by Equation 1, in which two moles of H 2 and CO are generated from one mole of CH 4 and CO 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Performance and Heat Balance of Dry Reforming SOFC System

et al. 2017

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The performance and heat balance of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) hot box under dry and steam reforming fed by city gas, CO 2 and H 2 O was investigated. From the results, the heat balances of a dummy stack hot box showed an increase in stack temperature and heat loss in dry reforming compared to that of steam reforming. The evaluation of the electrical performance of SOFC hot box under dry reforming showed an electrical efficiency and power of 62.2% (LHV) and 853.1 W with satisfactory thermal selfsustainability, respectively. Its efficiency was 1.6% lower than that of steam reforming. There was no difference in stack temperature during dry reforming compared to that of steam reforming. The differences in stack temperature trends between the dummy hot box and actual hot box may have been due to an increase in the internal endothermic heat from the reformate and reduction in combustion in the actual hot box.

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SOFC Running on Biogas: Identification and Experimental Validation of "Safe" Operating Conditions

Cited by 28 publications

References 32 publications

Carbon deposition in CH4/CO2 operated SOFC: Simulation and experimentation studies

Carbon deposition in CH4/CO2 operated SOFC: Simulation and experimentation studies

Economic Feasibility of Power/Heat Cogeneration by Biogas–Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) Integrated Systems

Evaluation of Performance and Heat Balance of Dry Reforming SOFC System

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